Chapter 4 - Micro

Front 1

Helical; move by flagella, if present.

Back 1

Spirilla

Front 2

Spherical; in chains

Back 2

Streptococci

Front 3

Divide in three regular planes; spheres form cubelike packets

Back 3

Sarcinae

Front 4

Helical; axial filaments for motility

Back 4

spirochetes

Front 5

a simple, commalike curve

Back 5

vibrios

Front 6

name means "little staff"

Back 6

bacilli

Front 7

ovals

Back 7

coccobacilli

Front 8

E or P : Golgi complex

Back 8

Eukaryotic cell

Front 9

E or P : meiosis occurs in reproduction

Back 9

Eukaryotic cell

Front 10

E or P : usually single circular chromosome w/o histones

Back 10

Prokaryotic cell

Front 11

E or P : sterols generally present in cell membrane

Back 11

Eukaryotic cell

Front 12

E or P : cell wall almost always contains peptidoglycans

Back 12

Prokaryotic cell

Front 13

E or P : nucleus bounded by a membrane

Back 13

Eukaryotic cell

Front 14

Contain pigments for photosynthesis by bacteria; found in the plasma membrane

Back 14

Chromatophores

Front 15

gram - bacterial cells after their tx w/ lysozyme

Back 15

Spheroplasts

Front 16

specialized external structures that assist in the transfer of genetic material btwn cells

Back 16

sex pili

Front 17

numerous short, hairlike appendages taht help in attachment to mucous membranes

Back 17

fimbrae

Front 18

general term for substances surrounding bacterial cells

Back 18

glycocalyx

Front 19

polysaccharides found in the cell wall of many gram + bacteria

Back 19

teichoic acids

Front 20

inclusions of iron oxide

Back 20

magnetosomes

Front 21

metachromatic granules of stores phosphate inprokaryotes

Back 21

volutin

Front 22

entrance of fluids and dissolved substances into eukaryotic cells

Back 22

pinocytosis

Front 23

membrane-enclosed spheres in phagocytic cells that contain powerful digestive enzymes

Back 23

lysosomes

Front 24

the "powerhouses" of the cell

Back 24

mitochondria

Front 25

a gel-like fluid found in the eukaryotic nucleus

Back 25

nucleoplasm

Front 26

a folded inner membrane found in mitochondria

Back 26

cristae

Front 27

sometimes contributes to the movement of a cell

Back 27

cytoplasmic streaming

Front 28

found in walls of acid-fast bacteria

Back 28

mycolic acid

Front 29

arrangement of flagella distributed over the entire cell

Back 29

peritrichous

Front 30

a single flagellum at each end of the cell

Back 30

amphitrichous

Front 31

a widening at the base of the flagellar filament

Back 31

hook

Front 32

an enzyme affecting gram + cell walls; found in tears

Back 32

lysozyme

Front 33

a compound found in bacterial endospores

Back 33

dipicolic acid

Front 34

a compound freqently found in teh cell walls of yeasts

Back 34

chitin

Front 35

no flagella

Back 35

atrichous

Front 36

closely involved in protein synthesis

Back 36

ribosomes

Front 37

structures characteristic of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic plsma membranes

Back 37

phospholipid bilayer

Front 38

found in the flagell and cilia of eukaryotic cells

Back 38

microtubules

Front 39

highly resistant bodies formed by a few bacterial species

Back 39

endospores

Front 40

small circular DNA molecules that are not connected w/ the main chromosome

Back 40

plasmids

Front 41

bacteria w/ irregular morphology

Back 41

pleomorphic

Front 42

extracellular polymeric subs on some bacterial cells; may help cells adhere to srfaces

Back 42

glycocalyx

Front 43

bacterial cell w/ thin peptidoglycan layer, outer membrane of lipopolysaccharide

Back 43

gram -

Front 44

protein that forms fimbriae

Back 44

pilin

Front 45

bundles of microtubules that probably play a role in cell division of eukaryotic cells

Back 45

centrioles

Front 46

bacteria that have lost their cell walls and may later spontaneously regain them

Back 46

l-forms

Front 47

ER associated w/ ribosomes

Back 47

rough er

Front 48

ingrowth of plasma membrane before endospore formation

Back 48

septum

Front 49

anchors the flagella of bacteria to the cell wall and plasma membrane

Back 49

basal body

Front 50

chemically, the capsule is a ______, a polypeptide, or both.

Back 50

polysaccharide

Front 51

capsules protect pathogenic bacteria from _____, a process by which protective host cells engulf and destroy microorganisms

Back 51

phagocytosis

Front 52

The Golgi com[plex consists of flattened sacs called ____ that are connected to teh ER

Back 52

cisterns

Front 53

The _____ consists of 4-8 flattened sacs connected to teh ER. The function is largely ______________.

Back 53

Golgi complex; secretion of proteins, lipids, and carbohdrates