Chapter 4: Colonies

Front 1

1620

Back 1

Mayflower Compact

Front 2

1607

Back 2

Jamestown

Front 3

John Rolfe

Back 3

Discovered the key to growing tobacco, married Pocohontas as part of the treaty to end the First Anglo Powahtan War

Front 4

John Smith

Back 4

"Don't work, don't eat", revolutionized the Jamestown colony

Front 5

1619

Back 5

House of Burgesses, women come to the colonies, first shipment of slaves from Dutch ship

Front 6

First Great Awakening

Back 6

First large scale movement in the colonies in 1730s and 40s. Includes leaders like George Whifield and Jonathan Edwards

Front 7

Arabella Covenant

Back 7

Idea that God provided the colonies to the Puritans and in return, God would provide a sound colony

Front 8

New England towns

Back 8

In charge of education, religious activities, government decisions. Only church members can be involved

Front 9

Predestination

Back 9

Calvinist belief that states that God has already chosen those who will enter heaven, belief of Pilgrims

Front 10

Roger Williams

Back 10

Argued that the colonists had violated God's will through their treatment of Indians, exiled to Rhode Island

Front 11

Anne Hutchinson

Back 11

Challenged gender roles in New England colonies, argued idea of antinominaism, the idea that truly saved people only needed to follow the rules of God and not of man. Exiled to Rhode Island and later killed in New York

Front 12

Widowarchy

Back 12

Idea that women in the South retained more rights due to the low life expectancy of men in the Cheseapeake

Front 13

Half way covenant

Back 13

Idea that people could enter the church without full communion. This increases members in the New England churches

Front 14

John Winthrop

Back 14

Governor of Massachusetts, idea of "Shining city upon a hill" is attributed to him

Front 15

Jonathan Edwards

Back 15

First Great Awakening preacher, author of "Sinner's in the Hands of an Angry God"

Front 16

George Whitefield

Back 16

First Great Awakening preacher

Front 17

jeremiad

Back 17

Sermon reminding people of their morality and encourage repentance, Jonathan Edwards and George Whifield often gave these. "Sinners in the hands of an angry God" is an exmaple

Front 18

Headright system

Back 18

System of indentured servitude, servants receive free pasage to the New World in return for work .

Front 19

Primogeniture

Back 19

Idea that the first son recieves all of the family's inheritance...a major cause of emigration to the colonies

Front 20

Bacon's Rebellion

Back 20

Led by Nathaniel Bacon, numbers of indentured servants were angered by their lack of representation in local government as well as their poverty.

Front 21

Colonial Slavery

Back 21

First slaves came in 1619 and slavery is allowed in all colonies. Colonists really turn to slavery after Bacon's Rebellion and adhere to the Barbados Slave Code.
By mid 1680s, slaves outnumber white servants

Front 22

Social scale of Southern colonies

Back 22

Planters, Small farmers, landless whites, blacks

Front 23

Gullah

Back 23

Slave language. A blending of English and several African languages

Front 24

Stono Rebellion

Back 24

Slave rebellion in Stono, South Carolina

Front 25

New York City Slave Rebellion

Back 25

slave rebellion in in 1712, 12 whites die and 23 slaves are executed

Front 26

Great Migration of 1630s

Back 26

Large migration to the colonies due to religious persecution

Front 27

Dominion of New England

Back 27

created by England and attempted to unite all of the New England colonies together

Front 28

New England Confederation

Back 28

Unification of New England colonies for the common defense against the Dutch and Indians. Rhode Island is excluded

Front 29

Glorious Revolution

Back 29

William and Mary overthrow James II and create a constitutional monarchy

Front 30

New Netherlands

Back 30

Dutch control New York and concentrate on fur trade. New Netherlands is handed over the Peter Struyvesant in a bloodless battle

Front 31

Pennsylvania

Back 31

Begun by Quaker William Penn. Total religious toleration, kind to Indians, heavily advertises in Europe (Germany especially)

Front 32

Bread colonies

Back 32

Middle colonies largely export grains

Front 33

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

Back 33

Esentially a constitution for the colony of Connecticut

Front 34

Great Wagon Road

Back 34

Trail that hugged the base of the Appalachian and encouraged movement Westward

Front 35

Scots and Germans

Back 35

Tend to live in the Western areas of the colonies, considered to be lower than the British colonists,

Front 36

Regulator Movement

Back 36

Violent insurrection, spearheaded by the Paxton Boys who protested the lenient treatment of Indians

Front 37

Molasses Act

Back 37

Passed with the hope of crushing colonial trade with with the West Indies...colonists just smuggle

Front 38

Anglican and Congregationlist Churches

Back 38

Major churches in early colonial America and led to the creation of a number of universities including William and Mary

Front 39

John Peter Zenger

Back 39

Put on trial for publishing a nasty article about a governor....he is freed on the grounds of "freedom of speech", laying the groundwork for the 1st amendment

Front 40

Samuel de Champlain

Back 40

"Father of New France",

Front 41

French colonization

Back 41

No towns or cities, focus on fur (beaver) trade, Jesuits come and modify Catholicism to intrigue Indians...French are kind to Indians

Front 42

King William's War and Queen Anne's War

Back 42

Small skirmishes betwene British colonists and the French (who ally with Spanish)

Front 43

French and Indian War

Back 43

French spread in to Ohio River Valley and George Washington is sent to defend.

Front 44

Albany Congress

Back 44

Called by Ben Franklin as an effort to unite colonists against French. Very few colonies attend

Front 45

Intercolonial disunity

Back 45

Due to religious differences, geographic barries, economic discrepancies

Front 46

Proclamation of 1763

Back 46

Issued by the British stating the the colonists may not cross the Appalachians. Colonists feel as though they are being deprived of fruits of their labor and go anyway. British hope to avoid skirmishes with Indians

Front 47

Navigation Acts

Back 47

Writen in late 1600s but finally enforced under the policy of mercantilism to pay back date from F&I war

Front 48

Mercantilism

Back 48

Economic policy of having colonies that produce cheap raw goods and then puchase manufactured goods from mother country