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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cell's outer boundary, covers the cell and acts as a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell
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cell membrane
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cells with a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
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eukaryote
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the basic theory of the celluar basis of life; has 3 parts
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cell theory
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cells lacking a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
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prokaryote
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Intracellular bodies that peform specific functions for the cells
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organelle
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Proteins in the cell membrane which assist in transport across the membrane
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carrier protein
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the difference in concentration of molecules across a space
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concentration gradient
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Organelles that remove excess water from the interior of unicellular organisms
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contractile vacuole
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The bursting of cells as a result of taking in too much water
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cytolysis
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Movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
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diffusion
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When the concentration of molecules is the same throughout the space
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equilibrium
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When the concentration of solute OUTSIDE the cell is higher than the concentration inside the cell
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hypertonic
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When the concentration of solute are equal inside and outside the cell
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isotonic
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The net movement of water through a semi-permeable membrante from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
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osmosis
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The movement of substances across the cell membrane which does not require any input of energy from the cell
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passive transport
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When the concentration of solute OUTSIDE the cell is LOWER than the concentration of solute inside the cell
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hypotonic
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Condition in which water leaves the cells through osmosis and the cells shrink away from the cell walls and turgor pressure is lost; this is why plants wilt.
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plasmolysis
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The pressure exerted by water molecules against the inside of the cell wall
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turgor pressure
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The movement of substances across the cell membrane which requires energy from the cell
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active transport
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The process by which cells ingest (eat) external fluid, macromolecules, and large particles including other cells
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endocytosis
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Cells in animals which ingest bacteria and viruses that invade the body
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phagocyte
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The movement of large particles or whole cells; a specific type of endocytosis
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phagocytosis
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The transport of solutes or fluids
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pinocytosis
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the process by which a substance is released from the cell through a vesicle
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exocytosis
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Used for molecules that are too big to diffuse through the cell membrane; a type of passive transport
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facilitated diffusion
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