Chapter 4

Front 1

-cele

Back 1

Hernia, tumor, swelling

Front 2

Fasci\o-

Back 2

Fascia, fibrous band

Front 3

Fibr/o-

Back 3

Fibrous tissue, fiber

Front 4

Kines/o-

Back 4

Movement

Front 5

-plegia

Back 5

Paralysis, stroke

Front 6

Tax/o-

Back 6

Coordination, order

Front 7

Ten/o-

Back 7

Tendon, stretch out, strain

Front 8

Ton/o-

Back 8

Tone, stretching, tension

Front 9

Exercise physiologist

Back 9

Specialist who works under a physician to create and administer medical tests to promote fitness

Front 10

Occupational Therapist

Back 10

Helps enable patients to participate in daily life

Front 11

Physiatrist

Back 11

Physician specialized in physical medicine and rehab with a focus on restoring function

Front 12

Physical Therapist

Back 12

Provides treatment to prevent disability or restore function

Front 13

Fascia

Back 13

Band of connective tissue that envelopes muscles

Front 14

Tendon

Back 14

Connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone

Front 15

Myocardial Muscle

Back 15

Similar to striated muscle in structure but is under control of the autonomic nervous system

Front 16

Muscle Innervation

Back 16

Stimulation of muscle by an impulse from a motor nerve

Front 17

Antagonistic Pairs

Back 17

Muscles that work in opposition of each other

Front 18

Ab/Adduction

Back 18

Moving limb away/toward the body

Front 19

Extension/flexion

Back 19

Increase/decrease angle of limbs

Front 20

Rotation/Circumduction

Back 20

Circular movement at an axis/far end of a limb

Front 21

Pronation/Supination

Back 21

Rotating the arm such that the palm is facing the posterior/anterior

Front 22

Dorsiflexion/Plantar Flexion

Back 22

Bending the foot upward/downward

Front 23

Elevation/Depression

Back 23

Raising/lowering a limb

Front 24

Origin

Back 24

Where a muscle begins nearest the midline

Front 25

Insertion

Back 25

Where a muscle ends by attaching to bone/tendon

Front 26

Oblique

Back 26

Slanted at an angle

Front 27

Rectus

Back 27

In straight alignment with the vertical axis

Front 28

Transverse

Back 28

In a crosswise direction

Front 29

Frontalis

Back 29

Located in the forehead, it raise/lowers the eyebrows

Front 30

Temporalis

Back 30

Moves the lower jaw up and back

Front 31

Masseter

Back 31

Moves the lower jaw up

Front 32

Tenosynovitis

Back 32

Inflammation of the sheath around a tendon

Front 33

Adhesion

Back 33

Band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally

Front 34

Hernia

Back 34

Protrusion of a structure through the tissue normally containing it

Front 35

Polymyositis

Back 35

Muscle disease characterized by simultaneous inflammation and weakness of various voluntary muscles

Front 36

Rhabdomyolysis

Back 36

Syndrome resulting from muscle injury in which the muscle dies and releases its content into the bloodstream

Front 37

Sarcopenia

Back 37

Loss of muscle mass associated with aging

Front 38

Muscle tone

Back 38

Balance of muscle tension that allows for normal function

Front 39

Ataxia

Back 39

Lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement

Front 40

Contracture

Back 40

Permanent tightening of connective tissue through replacement with nonelastic tissue

Front 41

Intermittent Claudication

Back 41

Pain in the leg muscles due to exercise; relieved by rest

Front 42

Spasm

Back 42

Any sudden, involuntary movement of a muscle

Front 43

Myoclonus

Back 43

Quick, involuntary jerking of a muscle

Front 44

Singultus

Back 44

Hiccups

Front 45

Cramp

Back 45

Localized muscle spasm

Front 46

Torticollis

Back 46

Stiff nesk due to spasms pulling the head to the side

Front 47

Myasthenia Gravis

Back 47

Chronic autoimmune disease affecting neuromuscular junctions, causing muscle weakness

Front 48

Muscular Dystrophy

Back 48

Genetic diseases characterized by progressive weakning and degeneration of skeletal muscles

Front 49

Compartment Syndrome

Back 49

Compression of nerves/blood vessels due to swelling within the enclosed space created by fascia separating muscles

Front 50

Impingement Syndrome

Back 50

Inflamed/swollen tendons are caught between bones in the shoulder joint

Front 51

Ganglion Cyst

Back 51

Harmless, fluid-filled swelling

Front 52

Epicondylitis

Back 52

Inflammation of the tissue surrounding the elbow

Front 53

Heel spur

Back 53

Calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the calcaneous

Front 54

Plantar Fasciitis

Back 54

Inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot

Front 55

Sprain

Back 55

Ligament is wrenched/torn

Front 56

Shin Splint

Back 56

Tibialis anterior muscle tears away from the tibia

Front 57

Strain

Back 57

Injury to a muscle or its attachment to a tendon

Front 58

Myoparesis

Back 58

Weakness/slight muscle paralysis

Front 59

-plegia

Back 59

Total paralysis

Front 60

-paresis

Back 60

Slight paralysis

Front 61

Deep Tendon Reflexes

Back 61

Tested by striking a tendon with a hammer

Front 62

Electromyography

Back 62

Test that measures electrical activity within a muscle in response to nerve stimulus

Front 63

Ergonomics

Back 63

Study of human factors to reduce injury and strain

Front 64

Myofascial Release

Back 64

Soft-tissue manipulation technique that relieves pain from certain conditions

Front 65

Therapeutic Ultrasound

Back 65

Treats muscles by generating heat deep in muscle tissue

Front 66

Tenodesis

Back 66

Surgical suturing of tendon to bone