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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ATP(adenosine triphosphate) |
An adenine-containing nucleosidec triphosphate that releases free energy when its phosphate bonds are hydrolyzed. |
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carbonyl group |
a chemical group present in aldehydes and ketones and consisting of a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom |
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carboxyl group |
a chemical group present in organic acids and consisting of a single carbon atom double bounded to a hydroxyl group |
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cis-trans isomer |
one of several components that have the same molecular formula and covalent bonds between atoms but differ in spatial arrangements of their atoms owing toe the inflexibility of double bonds, formerly called geometric isomer |
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effective population size |
an estimate of the size of the population based on the numbers of females and males that successfully breed, generally smaller than the total population |
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enantiomer |
one of two compounds that are mirror images of each other and that differ in shape due to the presence of an asymmetric volume |
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functional group |
a specific configuration of atoms commonly attached to the carbon skeletons of organic molecules and involved in chemical reactions |
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hydrocarbon |
an organic molecule consisting only of carbon and hydrogen |
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hydroxyl |
a chemical group consisting of an oxygen atom joined to a hydrogen atom. molecules possessing this group are soluble in water and are called alcohols |
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isomer |
one of several compounds with the same molecular formula but with different structures and therefore different properties. the three types of isomers are structural, cis-trans and enatiomers |
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methyl group |
a chemical group consisting of a carbon bonded to three hydrogen atoms. the methyl group may be attached to a carbon or to a different atom |
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organic chemistry |
the study of carbon compounds |
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phosphate group |
a chemical group consisting of a phosphorous atom bonded to four oxygen atoms, important in energy transfer |
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structural isomer |
one of several compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms |
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sulfhydryl group |
a chemical group consisting of a sulfur atom bonded to a hydrogen atom |
