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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Democritus Idea |
Matter is composed if atoms,which move through empty space Atoms are solid,homogenous, indestructible,invisible Different kinds of atoms have different shapes and sizes Size,shape, and movement of atoms determine properties of matter |
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Artistole Idea |
Empty space cannot exist Matter is made up of earth,fire, air and water |
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Dalton Idea |
Matter is composed of extremely small particles called atoms Atoms are indivisible and indestructible Atoms of given element are identical in size,mass and chemical properties Atoms of a specific elements are different from those of another element Different atoms combine in simple whole number ratios to form compounds In a chemical reaction,atoms are separated, combined or rearranged |
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Dalton |
Democritus and Daltons ideas were similar Was able to perform experiments to support his hypothesis Results of his research are known as the Daltons Atomic Theory |
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atom |
smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of the element |
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Cathode Ray |
Sir William Crooks This ray originating from the cathode and traveling anode Discovery of the electron |
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Electron |
Negativley charged particle, that are part of all forms of matter |
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Oil Drop Experiment |
Discovery of Mass of Electron Robert Millikan |
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The plum plum pudding |
J.J Thomson proposed the model The atom is a uniform,positively charges sphere containing electron |
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Gold Foil Experiment |
Rutherford Plum Plum Pudding was incorrect Beam of alpha particles was aimed at a thin sheet of gold foil, few of the particles bounced back Discovery of the nucleus |
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Nucleus |
center of the atom positive charge |
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proton |
subatomic particle carrying a charge of +1 |
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Neutron |
James Chadwick subatomic particle that has a mass nearly equal to that of a proton and carries no electric charge |
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Atomic Number |
Henry Moseley The number of protons of an atom Atomic number = number of protons and number of electrons |
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Atomic mass unit |
defined as 1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom
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Atomic mass |
The weighted average mass of the isotopes of an element |
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Radioactivity |
Substances spontaneously emitted radiation in a process |
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Radiation |
The rays and particles emitted by the radioactivity material |
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Nuclear Reaction |
A reaction that invovles a change in an atom's nucleaus |
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Radioactive decay |
Unistable nuclei lose energy by emitting radiation in a spontaneous process |
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Alpha radation |
Radiation that was eflected toward the negativley charge plate |
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Alpha particle |
Contains two protons and two neutrons and has +2 charge |
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Nuclear Equation |
²²⁶Ra to ²²²Rn + a ₈₈ ₈₆ Radium-226 Radon-222 alpha particle |
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beta radiation |
Radtion that is deflected toward the position charged plate |
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Beta particle |
an electron with a 1- charge |
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Gamma Ray |
high energy radiation that possesses no mass and is denoted by the symbol y |
