Chapter 4

Front 1

socialization

Back 1

the lifelong process through which people learn the attitudes, values, and behaviors appropriate for members of a particular culture

Front 2

self

Back 2

a distinct identity that sets us apart from others

Front 3

looking-glass self concept

Back 3

a concept that emphasizes the self as the product of our social interactions

Front 4

I

Back 4

the acting self that exists in realition to the Me

Front 5

Me

Back 5

the socialized self that plans actions nad judges performances based on the standards we have learned from others

Front 6

significant others

Back 6

an individual who is most important in development of the self, such as a parent, friend, or teacher

Front 7

symbol

Back 7

a gesture, object, of word that forms the basis of human communication

Front 8

role taking

Back 8

the process of mentally assuming the persepctive of another and resopnding form that imagined viewpoint

Front 9

generalized other

Back 9

the attitudes, viewpoints, and expectations of society as a whole that a child takes into account in his or her own behavior
-a child wont act courteously merely to please a particular parent, rather the child comes to understand that courtesy is a widespread social value endorsed by parents, teachers, and religious leaders

Front 10

dramaturgical approach

Back 10

a view of social interaction in which people are seen as theatrical performers

Front 11

impression management

Back 11

the altering of the presentation of the self in order to create distinctive appearances and satisfy particular audiences

Front 12

face-work

Back 12

the efforts people make to maintain a proper image and avoid public embarrasment

Front 13

cognitive theory of development

Back 13

the theory that children's though progresses through four stages of development

Front 14

gender role

Back 14

expectations regarding the proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of males and females

Front 15

rite of passage

Back 15

a ritual marking the symbolic transition from one social position to another

Front 16

life course approach

Back 16

a research orientation in which sociologists and other social scientists look closely at the social factors that influence people throughout their lives, from birth to death

Front 17

anticipatory socialization

Back 17

processes of socialization in which a person "rehearses" for future positions, occupations, and social relationships

Front 18

resocialization

Back 18

the process of discarding former behavior patterns and accepting new ones as part of a transition in one's life

Front 19

total institution

Back 19

an insititution that regulates all aspects of a person's life under a single authority, such as a prison, the military, a mental hospital, or a convent.

Front 20

degradation ceremony

Back 20

an aspect of the socialization process within some total insitutions, in which people are subjected to humiliating rituals

Front 21

midlife crisis

Back 21

a stressful period of self-evaluation that begins at about age 40

Front 22

sandwich generation

Back 22

the generation of adults who simultaneously try to meet the competing needs of their parents and their children