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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Psychoactive drugs
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act on the nervous system to alter consciousness, modify perceptions, and change moods. Some people use psychoactive drugs as a way to deal with life's difficulties.
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physical dependence
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the physiological need for a drug that causes unpleasant withdrawal symptoms such as physical pain and a craving for the drug when it is discontinued.
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Psychological dependence
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is the strong desire to repeat the use of a drug for emotional reasons, such as a feeling of well-being and reduction of stress.
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Depressants
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psychoactive drugs that slow down mental and physical activity. Among the most widely used depressants are alcohol, barbiturates, tranquilizers, and opiates.
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Alcohol
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It acts on the body primarily as a depressant and slows down the brain's activities. This effect might seem surprising, as people who tend to be inhibited may begin to talk, dance, and socialize after a few drinks.
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Alcoholism
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a disorder that involves long-term, repeated, uncontrolled, compulsive, and excessive use of alcoholic beverages and that impairs the drinker's health and social relationships. A recent longitudinal study linked early onset of drinking to later alcohol problems.
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Barbiturates
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depressant drugs that decrease central nervous system activity. Physicians once widely prescribed barbiturates as sleep aids.
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Tranquilizers
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depressant drugs that reduce anxiety and induce relaxation. In small doses tranquilizers can induce a feeling of calm; higher doses can lead to drowsiness and confusion.
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opiates
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consist of opium and its derivatives and depress the central nervous system's activity. These drugs are used as powerful painkillers. The most common opiate drugs—morphine and heroin
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Stimulants
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psychoactive drugs that increase the central nervous system's activity. The most widely used stimulants are caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, and cocaine.
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Hallucinogens
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psychoactive drugs that modify a person's perceptual experiences and produce visual images that are not real. Hallucinogens are also called psychedelic (from the Greek meaning “mind-revealing”) drugs.
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