Chapter 4

Front 1

Skin

Back 1

Derm/o, dermat/o, cutane/o, cut/o

Front 2

Layers of the skin

Back 2

Epidermis, dermis/corium, hypodermis/subcutaneous

Front 3

What is the dermis composed of?

Back 3

Composed of vascular connective tissue

Front 4

Structures in dermis

Back 4

Blood, lymphatic vessels, nerves, hair follicles (follicul/o), sebaceous (sebac/o) and sudoriferous glands (sudor/i)

Front 5

Sudoriferous glands

Back 5

Sweats through pores. The secretion of sweat is called perspiration. Abundant in soles of feet, palms of hand, armpit, upper lip and forehead

Front 6

Sebaceous Glands

Back 6

Secretes sebum(seb/o) which helps lubricate hair and surfaces of skin

Front 7

Hair

Back 7

Trich/o, pil/o. Their roots are called follicles (follicul/o). The visible part is called hair shaft and underneath the follicles is the papilla.

Front 8

Nails

Back 8

Consists of the nail body, root, bed(highly vascular), lunula, cuticle (eponychium) and the paronychium (fold of skin near side of nail)

Front 9

Primary Skin lesion

Back 9

Early skin changes that have not yet undergone natural evolution or change caused by manipulation

Front 10

Secondary Skin Lesion

Back 10

Result of natural evolution or manipulation of a primary Skin lesion

Front 11

Cyst

Back 11

Cyst/o . Nodule filled with semi solid material such as keratinous or sebaceous cyst

Front 12

Nodules

Back 12

Palpable, solid lesion less than 2 cm

Front 13

Tumor

Back 13

Nodules larger than 2 cm, tumor is used to explain mass swelling

Front 14

Hematoma

Back 14

Collection of leaked blood trapped in the tissues and can be felt by examiner

Front 15

Ecchymosis

Back 15

Hemorrhage or extravasion of blood in the subcutaneous tissue. It is not palpable but darkens skin. Usually called bruise

Front 16

Petechia

Back 16

Tiny ecchymosis in the dermal layer

Front 17

Purpura

Back 17

Massive hemorrhage into the tissues under the skin

Front 18

Macule

Back 18

Flat, non palpable blemish or discoloration that is less than 1 cm. (Ex: freckles, port wine stains, tattoos)

Front 19

Patch

Back 19

Large, flat, non palpable macule that is larger than 1 cm

Front 20

Papule

Back 20

Raised, solid skin lesion that is less than 1 cm. (Ex: pimple)

Front 21

Plaques

Back 21

Raised plateau like papule larger than 1cm

Front 22

Wheals

Back 22

Circumcised elevated papule caused by localized edema. (Ex: bug bites, hives)

Front 23

Vesicles/bullae

Back 23

Circumcised elevated lesion filled with fluid and smaller than 1/2 cm. If it is larger it is called bulla. Known as blisters

Front 24

Pustules

Back 24

Raised lesion due to infection

Front 25

Telangiectasia

Back 25

Condition of dilated superficial venules and capillaries

Front 26

Atrophy

Back 26

Paper think wasted skin often seen in aged people or as stretch marks

Front 27

Keloid

Back 27

Overgrowth of tissue at the sight of injury

Front 28

Eschar

Back 28

Dried serum, blood and or pus that can occur at site of injury or burn

Front 29

Fissure

Back 29

Crack like lesion of the skin

Front 30

Ulcer

Back 30

Circumscribed crater like lesion of skin or mucous membrane. Can occur outside surface and inside

Front 31

Impetigo

Back 31

Pediatric disease. Superficial skin infection

Front 32

Acne

Back 32

Pediatrics disease. Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous Glands. Has comedones. Open comedones is blackhead while closed is white head

Front 33

Seborrheic dermatitis

Back 33

Pediatrics disease. Inflammatory scaling disease of the scalp and face.

Front 34

Cellulitis

Back 34

Pediatrics and Geriatrics disease. Diffuse, spreading, acute inflammation within solid tissue

Front 35

Pediculosis

Back 35

Pediatrics disease. parasitic infection with lice

Front 36

Corns

Back 36

Geriatrics disease. Horry mass of condensed epithelial tissue overlying a bony prominence as result of pressure and friction.

Front 37

Calluses

Back 37

Geriatrics disease. Common painless thickening of the stratum cornering at locations of external pressure or friction

Front 38

Excisional biopsy

Back 38

Entire tumor removed along with its borders as means of diagnosis and treatment

Front 39

Exfoliation

Back 39

Scraping or shaving of samples of friable lesions for examinations.

Front 40

Incisional Biopsy

Back 40

Cutting of a wedge of tissue from lesion followed by suturing closed of the site

Front 41

Needless aspiration

Back 41

Aspiration of fluid from lesions for culture and examination

Front 42

punch biopsy

Back 42

Insertion of a tubular punch through the skin to the subcutaneous tissue to extract a core of tissue for examinations

Front 43

Bacterial analyses

Back 43

Cultures and serology of fluid removed from lesions to determine type of bacteria

Front 44

Fungal tests

Back 44

Scraping of lesions to determine type of fungus

Front 45

Sweat tests

Back 45

Done to tear for abnormally high levels of sodium and chloride as it can mean cystic fibrosis

Front 46

Tuberculosis skin test

Back 46

Tests for active and dormant tuberculosis

Front 47

Viral culture

Back 47

Samples of vesicular fluid to help identify types of virus in lesion

Front 48

Wound and abscess culture

Back 48

Samplings that identify pathogens in ulcers, wounds and abscess

Front 49

Escharotomy

Back 49

Incision to cut eschar, the scab that forms over burns. This is done to prevent edema that can cause lack of blood flow

Front 50

Incision and drainage

Back 50

Cutting open and removal of the contents of a cyst, wound or other lesion

Front 51

Mohs surgery

Back 51

Repeated removal and microscopic examination of layers of a tumor until now cancerous cells are present

Front 52

Shaving/ paring

Back 52

Slicing thin sheets of tissues to remove lesion

Front 53

Hypodermic

Back 53

Under the skin

Front 54

Subcutaneous

Back 54

Under the skin

Front 55

Intradermal

Back 55

Within the skin

Front 56

Topical

Back 56

Applied directly on skin

Front 57

Emollients

Back 57

Softens the skin