Chapter 39: Normal Anatomy And Physiology Of The Female Pelvis

Front 1

Iliopectineal Line

Back 1

Bony ridge of the inner surface of the ilium and pubic bones that divides the true and false pelves.

Front 2

False Pelvis

Back 2

Portion of the pelvis cavity that is above the pelvic brim, bounded posteriorly by the lumbar vertebrae, laterally by the iliac fosse and iliac muscles, and anteriorly by the lower anterior abdominal wall.

Front 3

True Pelvis

Back 3

Found below the brim of the pelvis; the cavity of the minor pelvis is continuous at the pelvic brim with the cavity of the major pelvis

Front 4

Coccyges Muscles

Back 4

Muscles that form the floor of the pelvis.

Front 5

Levator Ani Muscles

Back 5

A pair of muscles that form the floor of the pelvis.

Front 6

Striations

Back 6

Parallel longitudinal lines commonly seen in muscle tissue when images sonographically; appear as hyper echoic parallel lines running in the long axis of the hyoechoic muscle tissue.

Front 7

Psoas Major Muscles

Back 7

Begins at the level of the hilum of the kidneys and extend inferiorly along both sides of the spine into the pelvis.

Front 8

Iliacus Muscles

Back 8

Paired muscles that form the lateral wall of the pelvis.

Front 9

Piriformis Muscles

Back 9

Muscle that arises from the sacrum between the pelvis sacral foramina and the gluteal surface of the ilium.

Front 10

Obturator Internus Muscles

Back 10

Arises from the anterolateral pelvic wall surrounding the obturator foramen to insert on the greater trochanter of the femur.

Front 11

Perimetric (Serosa)

Back 11

Serous membrane enveloping the uterus;

Front 12

Menses

Back 12

Periodic flow of blood and cellular debris that occurs during menstruation.

Front 13

Broad Ligaments

Back 13

Broad fold of peritoneum draped over the fallopian tubes, uterus, and ovaries.

Front 14

Mesosalpinx

Back 14

Upper portion of the broad ligament that enclosed the fallopian tubes.

Front 15

Mesovarium

Back 15

Posterior portion of the board ligament that is drawn out to enclose and hold the ovary in place.

Front 16

Round Ligaments

Back 16

Paired ligaments that originate at the uterine cornea, anterior tot eh fallopian tubes, and course anterolaterally within the brand ligament to insert into the fascia of the labia majora.

Front 17

Cardinal Ligaments

Back 17

Wide bands of fibromuscular tissue arising from the lateral aspects of the cervix and inserting along the lateral pelvic floor.

Front 18

Uterosacral Ligaments

Back 18

Posterior portion of the cardinal ligament that extends form eh cervix to the sacrum.

Front 19

Anteverted

Back 19

Position of the uterus when the fundus is tipped slightly forward.

Front 20

Anteflexed

Back 20

Position of the uterus when the uterine fundus bends forward toward the cervix.

Front 21

Retroverted

Back 21

Position of the uterus when the fundus is tipped posteriorly.

Front 22

Retroflexed

Back 22

Position of the uterus when the uterine fundus bends posteriorly upon the cervix.

Front 23

Estrogen

Back 23

Steroidal hormone secreted by the theca internal and granulose cells of the ovarian follicle that stimulates the development of the female reproductive structures and secondary sexual characteristics; promotes the growth of the endometrial tissue during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle.

Front 24

Progesterone

Back 24

Steroidal hormone produced by the corpus lute that helps prepare and maintain the endometrium for the arrival and implantation of an embryo.

Front 25

Corpus Luteum

Back 25

Allow body formed from the Graafian follicle after ovulation that produces estrogen and progesterone.

Front 26

Ovarian Ligaments

Back 26

Paired ligament that extends form eh inferior/medial pole of the ovary to the uterine cornea.

Front 27

Suspensory (Infundibulopelvic) Ligaments

Back 27

Paired ligaments that extend from the infundibulum of the fallopian tube and the lateral aspect to the ovary to the lateral pelvic wall.

Front 28

Premenarche

Back 28

Time period in young girls before the onset of menstruation.

Front 29

Menarche

Back 29

Onset of menstruation; state after reaching puberty in which menses occur normally every 27-28 days.

Front 30

Menopause

Back 30

Cessation of menstruation.

Front 31

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormones (GnRHs)

Back 31

Hormone secreted byt he hypothalamus that stimulates the release of the follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone by the anterior pituitary gland.

Front 32

Gonadotropins

Back 32

A hormonal substance that stimulates the function of the testes and ovaries.

Front 33

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)

Back 33

Hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the growth and maturation of graafian follicles in the ovary.

Front 34

Luteinizing Hormone (LH)

Back 34

Secreted by the anterior pituitary gland to stimulate ovulation and induce luteinization of the ruptured follicle to form the corps luteum.

Front 35

Menorrhagia

Back 35

Abnormally heavy or long periods.

Front 36

Oligomenorrhea

Back 36

Abnormally light menstrual periods.

Front 37

Polymenorrhea

Back 37

Abnormally frequent recurrence job the menstrual cycle; a menstrual cycle of less than 21 days.

Front 38

Dysmenorrhea

Back 38

Pain associated with menstruation.

Front 39

Amenorrhea

Back 39

The absence of menstruation.

Front 40

Vesicouterine Recess (pouch)

Back 40

Pouch formed but he deflection of the peritoneum from the bladder to the uterus.

Front 41

Rectouterine Recess (pouch)

Back 41

Pouch of Douglas (Posterior Cul-De-Sac)

Area in the pelvic cavity between the rectum and the uterus where free fluid can accumulate;

Front 42

Retropubic Space (Space of Retzius)

Back 42

Located between the anterior bladder wall and the pubic symphysis; contains exztraperitoneal fat.