Chapter 37

Front 1

Allergens enter the body through....

Back 1

Inhalation, injection, swallowing, or contract with the skin.

Front 2

What are the common types of allergies?

Back 2

1. Allergic rhinitis

2. Asthma

3. Contact dermatitis

4. Eczema

5. Urticarial

Front 3

Define allergic rhinitis.

Back 3

Inflammation of the nasal mucosa that results in nasal congestion. Seasonal allergic rhinitis, such as hay fever.

Front 4

Define asthma.

Back 4

Seen most frequently in childhood. Asthmatic attacks can be caused by allergens.

Front 5

Define contact dermatitis.

Back 5

Inflammation and irritation of the skin due to contract with an irritating substance.

Front 6

Define eczema.

Back 6

Superficial dermatitis accompanied by papules, vesicles and crusting.

Front 7

Define urticaria.

Back 7

Skin eruption of pale reddish wheals with severe itching.

Front 8

What is a scratch test?

Back 8

The scratch method of allergy testing is usually performed on the patient's back or arm.

Front 9

What forms when performing a scratch test?

Back 9

If a wheal forms within 15 minutes after placing an allergen on the skin.

Front 10

How do you perform an intradermal allergy test?

Back 10

Intradermal allergy testing is performed by injecting 0.01 to 0.02 mL of an allergen extract into the anterior surface of the forearm.

Front 11

What is a patch test?

Back 11

Consists of placing a small amount of the allergen onto the anterior forearm and then covering this with a plastic wrap.

Front 12

The skin and its accessory structures- sweat glands, oil glands, nails, and hair - are known as the ______________ ____________

Back 12

Integumentary system

Front 13

What is another name for Decubitus ulcers?

Back 13

Bedsores

Front 14

A _______ is a solid, circumscribed, elevated area on the skin: pimple.

Back 14

Papule

Front 15

A ______ is a small fluid filled sac; blister.

Back 15

Vesicle

Front 16

______ is the formation of a scar after an injury or surgery that results in a raised, thickened, red area.

Back 16

Keloid

Front 17

What is benign and malignant?

Back 17

Benign- Is noncancerous

Malignant- Is cancerous

Front 18

_______ is the surgical removal of fat.

Back 18

Adipectomy

Front 19

What is the removal of a piece of tissue by syringe and needle, knife, punch, or brush to examine under a microscope as an aid to diagnosis.

Back 19

Biopsy

Front 20

______ is the destruction of tissue with a caustic chemical, electrical current, freezing, or hot iron.

Back 20

Cauterization

Front 21

Abrasion of skin using chemical using chemicals; also called chemical peel

Back 21

Chemobrasion

Front 22

What are the six common symptoms of cardiovascular disorders?

Back 22

1. Chest pain- common complaint.

2. Cyanosis- bluish skin color.

3. Diaphoresis- Excessive sweating.

4. Dyspnea- Difficulty breathing.

5. Edema

6. Irregular heartbeat

Front 23

X-rays taken after the injection of opaque material into a blood vessel.

Back 23

Angiography.

Front 24

Surgical suturing of the heart.

Back 24

Cardiorrhaphy

Front 25

Measurement of sound waves as they bounce off tissues and organs to produce an image.

Back 25

Doppler ultrasound

Front 26

Measurement of blood to determine serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels.

Back 26

Lipoproteins

Front 27

What does the National Cholesterol Education Program do?

Back 27

Recommends more intensive treatment, such as drug therapy for individuals at a moderately high to high risk of having a heart attack.

Front 28

Research indicates that the more you ____ _______-_______ ________, the less likely you are to have a heart attack.

Back 28

Lower low-density lipids.

Front 29

One of the most common hormonal imbalances the medical assistant will encounter is ______ _______.

Back 29

Diabetes mellitus (DM)

Front 30

A blood test to assist in evaluating glucose metabolism.

Back 30

2-hour postprandial glucose tolerance test

Front 31

Glucose circulating throughout the body after fasting for 12 hours.

Back 31

Fasting blood sugar

Front 32

Test to determine the blood sugar level. This test is also given to pregnant patients.

Back 32

Glucose tolerance test (GTT)

Front 33

Many of the examinations associated with the digestive system may be _______ and _______ for the patient.

Back 33

Uncomfortable, embarrassing

Front 34

Patients have the right to privacy, and every effort must be made to ______ the patient to prevent him or her from being unnecessarily exposed and further embarrassed.

Back 34

Drape

Front 35

Surgical creation of a permanent opening into the jejunum.

Back 35

Lithotripsy

Front 36

Plastic surgery of the anus and rectum.

Back 36

Proctoplasty

Front 37

Surgical resection of the vagus nerve in an attempt to decrease the amount of acid secretion into the stomach.

Back 37

Vagotomy

Front 38

One of the most commonly encountered GI disorders is ______.

Back 38

GERD

Front 39

GERD is also known as _______ _______ or _______ _______ or _______ ____________ and is caused by stomach acid flowing back up into the esophagus.

Back 39

Acid reflux or acid indigestion

Front 40

__________ are out pouching or small sacs found mainly in the lower part of the colon or large in testing and occasionally in other parts of the digestive tract.

Back 40

Diverticula- Inner lining of the intestinal wall through the muscular layers of intestines.

Front 41

What should the physician do to prepare their patient for a sigmoidoscopy?

Back 41

The physician will usually have the patient take a commercially prepared enema 2 hours before the examination.

Patients should be advised to drink plenty of clear liquids and eat sparingly the day before the examination.

Front 42

_______ is the body's ability to defend itself against pathogenic organisms and toxic substances.

Back 42

Immunity

Front 43

Artificial fixation of ta movable spleen.

Back 43

Splenopexy

Front 44

______ is an abnormal C-shaped or S-shaped lateral curvature of the spine.

Back 44

Scoliosis

Front 45

Removal of synovial fluid with a needle from a joint space, such as in the knee, for examination.

Back 45

Arthocentesis

Front 46

Removal of all of part of a torn meniscus.

Back 46

Meniscectomy

Front 47

Puncture with a needle into the lumbar area.

Back 47

Lumbar puncture.

Front 48

Process of cutting out a piece of bone in the skull to gain entry into the brain to relieve pressure.

Back 48

Trephination