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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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phyllotaxy
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the arrangement of leaves on a stem, specific to each species
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mycorrhizae
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roots and hyphae of soil fungi form symbiotic associations
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cotransport
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transport protein couples the diffusion of one solute to the active transport of another.
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aquaporins
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transport proteins in the cell membrane that allow the passage of water
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osmosis
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determines the net uptake of water loss by a cell and is affected by solute concentration and pressure
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water potential
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a measurement that combines the effects of solute concentration and pressure
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protein pump
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the most important protein for active transport
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solute potential
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also called osmotic potential, a solution is proportional to the number of dissolved molecules
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pressure potential
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the physical pressure on a solution
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turgid
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a cell that gains waters, hypotonic solution
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plasmolysis
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cell will lose water and undergo this
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turgor pressure
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the pressure exerted by the plasma membrane against the cell wall
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hypertonic solution
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plant cell plasmolyzed
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compartmental structure
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transport is also regulated by this major pathway of transport
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plasma membrane
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directly controls the traffic of molecules into and out of the protoplast major pathway of transport
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vacuole
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large organelle that occupies as much as 90% or more of the protoplasts volume major pathway of transport
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symplast
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the cytoplasmic continuum
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plasmodesmata
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the cytoplasm of neighboring cells are connected by channels called
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apoplast
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the continuum of cell walls and extracellular spaces
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bulk flow
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the long distance transport of fluid driven by pressure
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`endodermis
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the innermost layer of cells in the root cortex
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casparian strip
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blocks apoplastic transfer of minerals from the cortex to the vascular cylinder
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xerophytes
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plants that are adapted to hot arid climates
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translocation
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a process that transports the products of photosynthesis
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phloem sap
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an aqueous solution that is high in sucrose
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sugar source
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an organ that is a net producer of sugar such as a tuber or bulb
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sugar sink
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an organ that is a net consumer or storer of sugar
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transfer cells
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modified companion cells that enhance solute movement between the apoplast and symplast
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