Chapter 35 Resource Acquisition And Transport In Vascular Plants

Front 1

ways that plants maximize resources

Back 1

- shoot architecture
- leaf area index
- symbiotic relationships
- root architecture

Front 2

cell to cell transport of resources

Back 2

- diffusion
- active transport: membrane potentials (generated by proton pumps) and cotransport.
- regulated by compartmental structure of plant cells.

Front 3

membrane potentials in resource transportation in plants

Back 3

- move: cations, anions, neutral solutes.
- against the concentration gradient

Front 4

diffusion of water in resource transportation in plants

Back 4

- water potential determines the direction water will diffuse.
- water will always diffuse from high to low water potential
- pressure and solutes affect water potential. pressure makes it higher. solutes make it lower.

Front 5

plasmolyzed cell

Back 5

- cellular water potential is greater than environmental water potential

Front 6

turgid cell

Back 6

- cellular water potential is less than environmental water potential.

Front 7

3 pathways through compartmental structure of plant cells (cell to cell transport)

Back 7

- transmembrane route
- apoplastic route
- symplastic route

Front 8

transmembrane route

Back 8

- travels through membranes and cell walls.
- very slow

Front 9

apoplastic route

Back 9

- travels through cell wall.
- somewhat effective

Front 10

symplastic route

Back 10

- travels through plasmodesmata and cytosol.
- easiest of the three routes

Front 11

casparian strip

Back 11

- at the entrance to the endodermis
- made of suberin.
- redirect route into the cytoplasm.

Front 12

bulk flow

Back 12

- in the stele
- two forces contributing to movement: pushing (root pressure- guttation) and pulling (transpiration, cohesion, tension)

Front 13

guttation

Back 13

- root pressure is pushing water out of the leaves

Front 14

transpiration - cohesion - tension

Back 14

- transpiration: use of water in photosynthesis
- cohesion: water is a polar molecule
- tension: touching sides of tube.
- transpiration starts the pull.
- cohesion helps the flow of sap
- driven by differences in pressure potential. NOT solute potential.

Front 15

stomata

Back 15

- help regulate rate of transpiration
- open: gases exchange, water is lost. transpiration can occur.
- closed: no exchange of gases. water is conserved.
- cues to open/close: light, CO2 depletion, internal clock
- how do they open/close: osmosis of guard cells.

Front 16

sugars are transported from _______ to _______

Back 16

source (leaves) to sinks (sites of use or storage)
- loaded into sieve tube elements.