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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alimentary Canal
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-Passageway from mouth to anus.
-pharynx, esophogus, stomach, sm. intestine, lg. intestine, anal canal |
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salivary glands
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produce saliva, initiates chemical change
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Bolus
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food after its been broken down through chewing and by saliva
passes into pharynx |
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peristalsis
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action of the longitudinal and circular muscles located in walls of alimentary canal
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stomach
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-upper left quadrant
-holds 1 liter -some chemical change happens |
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small intestine
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-16 feet of tube
-most chemical change -absorption of liquid and nutrients by capillaries |
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duodenum
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-10 in. long
-first part of sm. intestine directly off stomach -digestive juices emptied by accessory organs |
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jejunum
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2/5 of of small intestine tube
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ileum
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last 3/5 of small intestine tube
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large intestine
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-mostly solid waste
-some absorption |
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peritoneum
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-serous sac
-provides serous fluid to lubricate the organs within the abdominopelvic cavity -organs lie outside the sac but project inward |
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functions of peritoneum
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-decrease friction
-increase mobility -provide pathway for vessels and nerves |
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definition and function of peritoneal reflections
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-double layers or folds of peritoneum
-connect organs to body wall or eachother and provide passage way for nerves/vessels |
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visceral peritoneum
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also called serosa
the layer of peritoneum that surrounds the organ |
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mesocolon
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reflection of peritoneum that holds colon to the posterior abdominal wall
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greater omentum
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reflection of peritoneum hanging from greater curvature of stomach
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typical digestive tube segments-- outer to inner
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serosa or adventiva
muscularis submucosa mucosa |
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mucosa
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lining of lumen (inner cavity)
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submucosa
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may contain mucous glands or vessels
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fundus of stomach
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pouches out and to the left
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cardia
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-area of entrance to stomach
-contains sphincter muscles to prevent backflow |
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chyme
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partially digested, semiliquid form of food
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rugae
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folds withing the body of stomach covered by mucosa
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pylorus
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last portion of stomaach
contains sphincter muscle |
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What is digested in stomach?
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alcohol
asprin absorped by lining |
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plicae circulares
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folds of mucosa and submucosa that increase surface area of sm. intestine for greater absorption
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villi
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-finger like projections of mucosa containing blood and lymphatic vessels
-only in sm. intestine |
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microvilli
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projections from all epithelial (lining) cells
only in sm. intestine |
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veriform appendix
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small tag of intestine extending from cecum in lower right quadrant
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cecum
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-pouch-like origin of colon
-found in lower right -appendix extends from this |
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ascending colon
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right side going up
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traverse colon
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traverse section
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descending colon
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left side of colon that goes downward
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sigmoid colon
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s-shaped section that leads to rectum
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rectum
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pelvic organ 3rd sacral level
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teniae coli
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continuous bands of muscle on colon
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haustra coli
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created because tenia coli are shorter than the tube
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epiploic appendage
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fat tags on colon
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How long does food take to completely digest?
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12-24 hours
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accessory digestive organs
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-connected to digestive tube by way of ducts that enter duodenum
-liver, gall bladder, pancreas |
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liver
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-upper right quadrant
-largest internal organ -produces bile |
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gall bladder
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-inferior surface of liver
-stores bile created by liver |
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function and location of pancreas
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-produces digestive enzymes
-upper left quadrant behind stomach |
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falciform ligament
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holds liver to the anterior abdominal wall and divides it into left and right lobes
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coronary ligament
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reflection of peritoneum onto inferior diaphram attatches liver to diaphragm
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Functions of Digestive organs
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ingestion
peristalsis mechanical breakdown (physical) chemical breakdown absorption elimination of wastes |
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chemical breakdown
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series of catababolic reactions that break down large carbs, lipids, and protein molecules ingested into smaller molecules usable by cells
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mechanical breakdown
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various physical movements that aid chemical breakdown
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retroperitoneal
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outside peritoneum
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