Chapter 34

Front 1

ecology

Back 1

ecology: scientific study of the interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment (Concept 34.1)

Front 2

biotic factor:)

Back 2

any living part of an environment

Front 3

abiotic factor:

Back 3

nonliving physical or chemical condition in an environment (Concept 34.1)

Front 4

population:

Back 4

group of individuals of the same species living in a particular area at the same time.

Front 5

community:

Back 5

all the organisms living in an area (Concept 34.1)

Front 6

ecosystem:

Back 6

community of living things plus the nonliving features of the environment that support them (Concepts 1.1, 34.1)

Front 7

biosphere:

Back 7

all the parts of the planet that are inhabited by living things; sum of all Earth's ecosystems (Concepts 1.1, 34.1)

Front 8

habitat:

Back 8

an organism's specific environment, with characteristic abiotic and biotic factors (Concept 34.1)

Front 9

tropics:

Back 9

regions between 23.5° N latitude and 23.5° S latitude; warmest temperature zones on Earth (Concept 34.2)

Front 10

polar zones:

Back 10

the regions north of the Arctic Circle (66.5° N) and south of the Antarctic Circle (66.5° S), that receive the smallest amount of direct sunlight year-round (Concept 34.2)

Front 11

temperate zones:

Back 11

latitudes between the tropics and polar regions in each hemisphere (Concept 34.2)

Front 12

current:

Back 12

riverlike flow pattern within a body of water (Concept 34.2)

Front 13

microclimate:

Back 13

climate in a specific area that varies from the surrounding climate region.

Front 14

biome :

Back 14

major type of terrestrial ecosystem that covers a large region of Earth (Concept 34.3)

Front 15

tropical rain forest:

Back 15

type of forest near the equator that receives as much as 250 cm of rainfall yearly (Concept 34.3)

Front 16

savanna:

Back 16

grassland with scattered trees; found in tropical regions of Africa, Australia, and South America (Concept 34.3)

Front 17

desert:

Back 17

land area that receives less than 30 centimeters of rain per year (Concept 34.3)

Front 18

chaparral:

Back 18

chaparral: temperate coastal biome dominated by dense evergreen shrubs (Concept 34.3)

Front 19

temperate grassland:

Back 19

biome characterized by deep, nutrient-rich soil that supports many grass species (Concept 34.3)

Front 20

temperate deciduous forest:

Back 20

forest in a temperate region, characterized by trees that drop their leaves annually (Concept 34.3)

Front 21

coniferous forest:

Back 21

forest populated by cone-bearing evergreen trees; mostly found in northern latitudes (Concept 34.3)

Front 22

coniferous forest:

Back 22

forest populated by cone-bearing evergreen trees; mostly found in northern latitudes (Concept 34.3)

Front 23

tundra:

Back 23

biome in the Arctic Circle or on high mountaintops, characterized by bitterly cold temperatures and high winds (Concept 34.3)

Front 24

permafrost:

Back 24

permanently frozen subsoil (Concept 34.3)

Front 25

photic zone:

Back 25

regions of a body of water where light penetrates, enabling photosynthesis (Concept 34.4)

Front 26

phytoplankton:

Back 26

microscopic algae and cyanobacteria that carry out photosynthesis (Concepts 17.4, 34.4)

Front 27

aphotic zone: (Concept 34.4)

Back 27

deep areas of a body of water where light levels are too low to support photosynthesis

Front 28

benthic zone:

Back 28

bottom of an aquatic ecosystem; consists of sand and sediment and supports its own community of organisms (Concept 34.4)

Front 29

estuary:

Back 29

area where fresh water from streams and rivers merges with salty ocean water; productive ecosystem (Concept 34.4)

Front 30

pelagic zone:

Back 30

open water above the ocean floor.

Front 31

intertidal zone:

Back 31

area of shore between the high-tide and low-tide lines.`

Front 32

what is the liquid in a cell

Back 32

the citoplasm