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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is infective endocarditis?
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infection of the endocarditis of the heart, contiguous with the valves of the heart (aortic and mitral valves)
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what causes infective endocarditis?
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staphylococcus aureus and streptococcus viriuses, fungi and viruses,
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Explain the patho of endocrditis
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(pathogens enter the bloodstream) blood flow turbulence within the heart allows pathogens to affect valves or other endothelial surfaces.
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Risk factor for endocarditis
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prior endocarditis, prosthetic valves, aquired valvular diseases, cardiac lesions
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how does edocarditis spread
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Vegetations- primary site of lesions of fibrin, leukocytes, platelets and microbes adhere to valve surface- caused embolization and progressed to other vital organs
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Left side endocarditis
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spread to brain, kidney, spleen, caused by bacterial infection and underlying heart disease
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Right sided endocarditis
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IVDA- spread to the lungs
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Clinical Manifestations of endocardiactic
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fever, chills, weakness malaise, fatigue, and anorexia, arthralgias, myalgias, back pain, abodminal discomfort, weight loss, headache and clubbing in fingers (splinter hemorrages) on nail beds,
petechiae, osler's nodes (painful, tender, red or purple pea sized lesion ) Janeway's lesion (painless spots)Roth's spots (hemorrhagic retinal lesions, |
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Diagnose of endocardiactic
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2 blood tests- wbc, new or change cardiac murmur, interacardiac mass (vegetables)
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care endocardiactic
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prophylactic treatment, IV antibotic treatment
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Nursing with endocarditis
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past history, health promotion, treatment with antibodies for 4-6 weeks
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Acute pericarditis
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inflammation of the pericardial scar
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etiology of pericarditis
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idiopathic, coxsackievirus b is the most commonly found virus, uremia, bacterial, MI, tb, neoplasm, trauma
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clinical of pericarditis
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progressive, frequently severe chest pain that is sharp and pleuritic, hard to diff from angina, (trapezius muscle, increase with inspiration), Pericardial friction rub
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Two major complications from acute pericarditis are
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pericardica effusion (fluid )g and cardica tamponade (compression of the heart)
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diagnoses
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ECG,
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Sinus bradycardia
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SA node fires at a rate less than 60 beats per min
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Sinus tachycardia
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SA node fires at 100 beats/ minutes. Associated with physical stressors such as exercise, fever, pain. Might have symptoms of dizziness, dyspnea and hypotension
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atrial fribrillation
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totally disorganization of atrial electrical activity-
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clinical associations with atrial fribrillation
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patient with underlying heart disease, CAD, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, hypertensive disease, HF, pericarditis
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ventricular tachycardiac
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ventricle takes control as the pacemaker.
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ventricular tachycardiac clinical
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MI, CAD, significant electrolyte imbalances, cardiomyopathy, mitral valve prolapse, long QT... also with no evidence of cardiac disease
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