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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A metal frame that supports the bed linens away from the patient while providing privacy and warmth
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Cradle
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Effects of Exercise on the Integumentary System
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Improved tone, color and turgor resulting from improved circulation.
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Irregularly occurring spasmodic movements such as winking, grimacing, or shoulder shrugging
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Tics
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Continuous quivering of whole muscles or major portions of a muscle
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Tremors
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Refers to increased muscle mass resulting from exercise or training
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Hypertrophy
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Complication resulting from extended plantar flexion
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Footdrop
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Decreased muscle tone
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Flaccidity
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State of being bent
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Flexion
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The state of being in a straight line.
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Extension
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Examples of Isotonic Exercise
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ADL's (activities of daily living)
Self ROM Swimming Walking Jogging Bicycling |
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Exercise involving muscle contraction without shortening.
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Isometric Exercise
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The state of exaggerated extension
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Hyperextension
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Paralysis of arms and legs
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Quadriplegia
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An exercise in which muscle tension occurs without a significant change in length of muscle
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Quadricep Drills
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The muscles in the buttocks can be exercised by pinching the buttocks together and then relaxing
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Gluteal Setting
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A break in the continuity of a bone or cartilage, can result from injury or disease process.
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Fracture
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3 Types of Soft Tissue Injuries
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Sprains
Strains Dislocations |
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What 3 systems are involved in movement?
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Muscular, Skeletal & Neurological
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Refers to weakness of one half of the body
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Hemiparesis
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Physical Assessment for Activity
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* Movement & Gait
* Alignment of Body Parts * Joint Structure & Function * Muscle Mass, Tone & Strength * Endurance |
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Paralysis of one half of the body
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Hemiplegia
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Examples of Isometric Exercise
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* Contraction of Quadriceps
* Contraction of Gluteal Muscles |
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Effects of Immobility on Integumentary System
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Increased Risk for Skin Breakdown & Formation of Pressure Ulcers.
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Can be used to immobilize an extremity and support body alignment
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Sandbags
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Effects of Exercise on Psychological Well-Being
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* Energy, Vitality, General Well-Being
* Improved Sleep * Improved Appearance * Improved Self-Concept * Positive Health Behaviors |
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Exercise involves muscle contraction with resistance
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Isokinetic Exercise
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Effects of Immobility on Psychological Well-Being
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* Increased Sense of Powerlessness
* Decreased Self-Concept * Decreased Social Interaction * Decreased Sensory Stimulation * Altered Sleep-Wake Pattern * Increased Risk for Depression |
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Effects of Exercise on Metabolic System
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* Increased Efficiency of Metabolic System
* Increased Efficiency of Body Temperature Regulation |
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The correction or prevention of disorders of body structures used in locomotion
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Orthopedics
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Backward bending of the hand or foot
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Dorsiflexion
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Position in which the person sits on the edge of the bed with legs and feet dangling over the side of the bed
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Dangling
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Paralysis of legs
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Paraplegia
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Flexion of the foot. i.e.. footdrop position
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Plantar Flexion
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Examples of Isokinetic Exercise
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* Lifting Weights
* Housecleaning * Stretching * Running after Kids |
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List the 3 types of Exercise
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* Isotonic
* Isometric * Isokinetic |
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Implementations useful in promoting activity
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* Proper Position/Devices
* Active ROM * Passive ROM * Ambulation |
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The efficient use of the body as a machine and as a means of locomotion
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Body Mechanics
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Decrease in the size of a body structure
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Atrophy
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A noninflammatory, progressive disorder of moveable joints characterized by deterioration of articular cartilage and pain with motion. AKA osteoarthritis
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Degenerative Joint Disease
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Primarily used to provide support or to elevate a body part
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Pillows
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Exercise that involves muscle shortening and active movement
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Isotonic Exercise
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Effects of Exercise on Cardiovascular System
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* Increased Efficiency of Heart
* Increased Blood Flow & Oxygenation of all Body Parts * Decreased Resting Heart Rate & BP |
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Increased muscle tone
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Spasticity
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Effects of Immobility on Cardiovascular System
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* Increased Cardiac Workload
* Increased Risk of Orthostatic Hypotension * Increased Risk for Venous Thrombosis |
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Effects of Exercise on Respiratory System
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* Increased Depth of Respiration
* Increased Respiratory Rate * Increased Gas Exchange @ Alveolar Level * Increased Rate of CO2 Excretion |
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A body part turning on its axis toward the midline of the body
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Internal Rotation
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Effects of Immobility on Respiratory System
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* Decreased Depth of Respiration
* Decreased Rate of Respiration * Pooling of Secretions * Impaired Gas Exchange |
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Lying Face Down
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Pronation
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Fixation or immobilization of a joint.
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Ankylosis
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A partial tear or rupture to a joints attachments
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Sprain
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Used to support the hips and legs so that the femurs do not rotate outward
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Trochanter Rolls
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Permanently contracted state of muscle
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Contractures
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Effects of Exercise on Gastrointestinal System
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* Increased Appetite
* Increased Intestinal Tone |
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A body part turning on its axis away from the midline of the body
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External Rotation
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Movement of the sole of the foot inwards.
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Inversion
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Movement of the sole of the foot outward.
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Eversion
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The displacement of a bone from a joint with tearing of ligaments, tendons and capsules.
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Dislocation
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Joint movement activated by the person
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Active Exercise
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Effects of Immobility on Gastrointestinal System
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* Disturbance in Appetite
* Altered Protein Metabolism * Altered Digestion & Utilization of Nutrients |
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Effects of Exercise on Urinary System
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* Increased Blood Flow to Kidneys
* Increased Efficiency in Maintaining Fluid & Acid/Base Balance * Increased Efficiency in Excreting Body Waste |
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Lying face up
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Supination
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Effects of Immobility on Metabolic System
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* Increased risk for Electrolyte Imbalance
* Altered Exchange of Nutrients & Gases |
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Exercise that includes sustained muscle movement that increase blood flow, heart rate, and metabolic demand for oxygen over time, promoting cardiovascular conditioning
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Aerobic Exercise
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Normal, partially steady state of muscle contraction
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Tonus
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Manual or mechanical means of moving the joints
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Passive Exercise
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Characterized by inflammation, pain &/or stiffness of affected areas in or around joints
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Arthritis
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Lateral movement of the body part away from the midline of the body.
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Abduction
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Complete extent of movement of which a joint is normally capable
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Range of Motion
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Provides a means for keeping the thumb in the correct position
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Hand-Wrist Splints
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Impaired muscle strength or weakness
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Paresis
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Effects of Immobility on Urinary System
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* Increased Urinary Stasis
* Increased Risk for Renal Calculi * Decreased Bladder Muscle Tone |
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Movement of a body part toward the midline of the body
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Adduction
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Effects of Exercise on Musculoskeletal System
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* Increased Muscle Efficiency
* Increased Coordination * Increased Efficiency of Nerve Impulse Transmission |
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Health History Assessment for Activity
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* Interview & Assess
* Ask about fitness goals * Daily activity level * Endurance * Mobility problems * Physical & mental health alterations * External factors |
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Condition characterized by loss of calcium from bone tissue
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Osteoporosis
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Effects of Immobility on Musculoskeletal System
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* Decreased muscle size, tone, strength
* Decreased joint mobility, flexibility * Bone demineralization * Decreased endurance, stability * Increased risk for contracture formation |
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The absence of strength secondary to nervous impairment
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Paralysis
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Factors Affecting Alignment & Mobility
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* Development
* Congenital Problems * Joint Mobility * Trauma * Lifestyle * Fatigue & Stress * Other Body Systems * Physical Health * Formation * CNS Problems * Mental Health * Attitudes & Values * External Factors |
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Logrolling
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* Use for spinal injury or neck, back, spinal surgery
* 2-3 nurses required * Do not twist head, spine, shoulders, knees or hips. |
