Chapter 31 - Asepsis

Front 1

Nursing Interventions that break the chain of Infection - Etiologic (microorganism)

Back 1

make sure articles are correctly cleaned,disinfected or sterilized before use. Educate client on same.

Front 2

Nursing Interventions that break the chain of Infection - Reservoir (source)

Back 2

Change dressings and bandages when they are soiled or wet.
Assist clients to carry out appropriate skin and oral hygiene.
Dispose of damp, soiled linens appropriately.
Dispose of feces and urine in appropriate receptacles.
Ensure containers are covered.
Empty suction and drainage bottles.

Front 3

Nursing Interventions that break the chain of Infection - Portal of exit from the reservoir

Back 3

Avoid talking, coughing, or sneezing over open wounds or sterile fields.

Front 4

Nursing Interventions that break the chain of Infection - Method of Transmission

Back 4

Hand hygiene.
Wear gloves.
Wear gowns.
Discard soiled material in proper receptacle.
Hold bedpans steady to avoid spillage.
Initiate and implement aseptic precautions for all clients.
Wear masks and eye protections when needed.

Front 5

Nursing Interventions that break the chain of Infection - portal of entry to the susceptible host

Back 5

Use sterile technique for:
invasive procedures and exposing open wounds or handling dressings.
Dispose of needles and sharps properly.
provide clients with their own personal care items.

Front 6

Nursing Interventions that break the chain of Infection - Susceptible Host

Back 6

Maintain the integrity of clients skin and mucous membranes.
Ensure proper diet.
Immunizations.

Front 7

Body Defense against infection -
Nonspecific Defenses

Back 7

Include anatomic and physiologic barriers and the inflammatory response.
Protect the person against all MOs regardless to prior exposure.

Front 8

Body Defense against infection - Specific Repsonse

Back 8

Involves the immune system.
Includes Antibody-Mediated defenses (active and passive immunity) and Cell-Mediated Immunity (T-cell system)

Front 9

Inflammatory Response

Back 9

Five Signs:
pain, swelling, redness, heat, impaired function of the part, if severe enough.

Front 10

Nosocomial infections

Back 10

associated with the delivery of health care services in a health care facility

Front 11

Factors that increase susceptibility to infection

Back 11

Age, heredity, level of stress, nutritional status, current medical therapy, and preexisting disease process.

Front 12

Nursing Management -
Assessing

Back 12

Check for signs and symptoms of an infection. Localized swelling and redness, pain or tenderness to touch and movement, heat in affected area, loss of function, fever, increased pulse and resp rate, malaise, anorexia.
Labs - elevated WBC

Front 13

Nursing management -
Diagnosing

Back 13

Risk for infection.
Associated diagnosis:
Potential complication of infection:fever.
Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements.
Acute pain
Impaired Social Interaction or Social Isolation
Anxiety

Front 14

Nursing management -
Planning

Back 14

Major goals:
Maintain or restore defenses
Avoid the spread of infectious organisms.
Reduce or alleviate problems associated with the infection.

Front 15

Nursing management -
Implementing

Back 15

If infection cannot be prevented, than the goal is to prevent the infection between persons and treat the existing infection

Front 16

Standard Precautions

Back 16

these precautions are used in the car of all hospitalized persons regardless of their diagnosis or possible infection status. Applies to blood, all body fluids, secretions, and excretions except sweat, nonintact skin and mucous membranes

Front 17

Transmission based precautions

Back 17

used in addition to standard precautions for clients with known or suspected infections that are spread in one of three ways: airborne, droplet or contact.

Front 18

Airborne Precautions

Back 18

Ex. TB
Private room or with someone with same MO.
Wear resp device.
Limit movement outside room. Mask on client during transport.

Front 19

Droplet precaution

Back 19

Private room or with someone with same MO.
Wear mask if within 3 ft.
Limit movement outside room. Client to wear mask during transport.

Front 20

Contact Precautions

Back 20

Private room or with someone with same MO.
Change gloves after contact with infectious material.
Cleans hands immediately after removing gloves.
Wear gown and remove before leaving room.