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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
activity spaces
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The space within which daily activity occurs
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asylum
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shelter and protection in one state for refugees from another state
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Chain migration
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Pattern of migration that develops when migrants move along and through kinship links (i.e. one migrant settles in a place and then writes, calls, or communicates through others to describe this place to family and friends who in turn then migrate there)
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colonization
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Physical process whereby the colonizer takes over another place, putting its own government in charge and either moving its own people into the place or bringing in indentured outsiders to gain control of the people and the land
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Cyclic movement Movement
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for example, nomadic migration—that has a closed route and is repeated annually or seasonally
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distance decay
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The effects of distance on interaction, generally the greater the distance the less interaction
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explorers
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A person examining a region that is unknown to them
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Forced migration
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Human migration flows in which the movers have no choice but to relocate
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gravity model
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A mathematical prediction of the interaction of places, the interaction being a function of population size of the respective places and the distance between them
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guest workers
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Legal immigrant who has a work visa, usually short term
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immigration laws
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Laws and regulations of a state designed specifically to control immigration into that state
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immigration waves
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Phenomenon whereby different patterns of chain migration build upon one another to create a swell in migration from one origin to the same destination
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internal migration
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Human movement within a nation-state, such as ongoing westward and southward movements in the United States
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internal refugees
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People who have been displaced within their own countries and do not cross international borders as they flee
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International migration
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Human movement involving movement across international boundaries
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international refugees
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Refugees who have crossed one or more international boundaries during their dislocation, searching for asylum in a different country
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intervening opportunity
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The presence of a nearer opportunity that greatly diminishes the attractiveness of sites farther away
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islands of development
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Place built up by a government or corporation to attract foreign investment and which has relatively high concentrations of paying jobs and infrastructure
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kinship links
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Types of push factors or pull factors that influence a migrant's decision to go where family or friends have already found success
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laws of migration
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Developed by British demographer Ernst Ravenstein, five laws that predict the flow of migrants
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migrant labor
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A common type of periodic movement involving millions of workers in the United States and tens of millions of workers worldwide who cross international borders in search of employment and become immigrants, in many instances
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migration
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A change in residence intended to be permanent. See also chain, forced, internal, international, step, and voluntary migration
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Military service
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Another common form of periodic movement involving as many as 10 million United States citizens in a given year, including military personnel and their families, who are moved to new locations where they will spend tours of duty lasting up to several years
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nomadism
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Movement among a definite set of places—often cyclic movement
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periodic movement
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Movement—for example, college attendence or military service—that involves temporary, recurrent relocation
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Pull factors
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Positive conditions and perceptions that effectively attract people to new locales from other areas
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Push factors
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Negative conditions and perceptions that induce people to leave their abode and migrate to a new locale
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quotas
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Established limits by governments on the number of immigrants who can enter a country each year
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refugee
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People who have fled their country because of political persecution and seek asylum in another country
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remittances
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Money migrants send back to family and friends in their home countries, often in cash, forming an important part of the economy in many poorer countries
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selective immigration
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Process to control immigration in which individuals with certain backgrounds (i.e. criminal records, poor health, or subversive activities) are barred from immigrating
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step migration
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Migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages, for example, from farm to nearby village and later to town and city
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transhumance
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A seasonal periodic movement of pastoralists and their livestock between highland and lowland pastures
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Voluntary migration
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Movement in which people relocate in response to perceived opportunity, not because they are forced to move
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