Chapter 3 Social Beliegs And Judgements

Front 1

priming

Back 1

activating particular associations in memory

Front 2

belief perserverance:

Back 2

persistence of ones initial conceptions as when the basis for ones belief is discredited but an explaination of why the belief might be true survives

Front 3

misinformation effect

Back 3

incorporating misinformation into ones memory even after witnessing an event and receiving mmisleading information about it

Front 4

controlled processing:

Back 4

explicit thinking thay is deliberate reflective & conscious

Front 5

automatic processing

Back 5

implicit thinking effortless habitual & without awareness: intuition

Front 6

overconfidence phenomenon:

Back 6

tendency to search for information that confirms ones preconceptions

Front 7

heurustuc

Back 7

a thinking stratefgy that enable quick efficient judgements

Front 8

representativeness heurustuc:

Back 8

the tendency to presume sometimes despute contrary to odds that someone or something nelongs to a particular group if resembling a typical member

Front 9

availability heuristic

Back 9

a cognitive rule that judges likelihood of things in terms of avaliability in memory

Front 10

counterfactual thinking

Back 10

imagining alternative scenarios and outcomes that might have happened but didnt

Front 11

illusory correlation

Back 11

perception of a relationship where none exists or perception of a stronger relationship than actually exists

Front 12

regression toward average

Back 12

the statistical tendency for extreme behavior to return toward ones average

Front 13

illusion of control

Back 13

perception of uncontrollable events as subject to ones control or as more controllable than they are

Front 14

misattribution

Back 14

mistakenly attributing a behavior to the wrong source

Front 15

attribution theory

Back 15

the theory of how people explain others behavior—for example, by attributing it either to internal dispositions (enduring traits, motives, and attitudes) or to external situations

Front 16

dispositional attribution

Back 16

attributing behavior to the persons disposition and traits

Front 17

situation attribution

Back 17

attributing behavior to the environment

Front 18

spontaneous trait inference

Back 18

an effortless automatic inference of a trait after exposure to someone’s behavior

Front 19

fundamental attribution error

Back 19

the tendency for observers to underestimate situational influences and overestimate dispositional influences upon others behavior we so often see behavior as corresponding to a disposition

Front 20

self-awareness

Back 20

a self conscious state in which attention focuses on oneself it makes people more sensitive to their own attitudes and dispositions

Front 21

self- fulfilling prophecy

Back 21

a belief that leads to its own fulfillment

Front 22

behavioral confirmation

Back 22

type of self-fulfilling prophecy whereby people’s social expectations lead them to behave in ways that cause others confirm their expectations