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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Central nervous system |
central nervous system the part of the nervous system that consists of the brain and spinal cord |
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Peripheral nervous system |
peripheral nervous system the neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body, including the muscles and glands |
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Neuron |
neuron a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system |
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Dendrites |
dendrites the branchlike extensions of a neuron that receive impulses and conduct them toward the cell body |
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Axon |
axon a long tube like structure attached to a neuron that transmits impulses away from the neuron cell body |
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Myelin |
myelin a white, fatty substance that insulates axons and enables rapid transmission of neural impulses |
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Axon terminals |
Small fibers branching out from a axon |
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Synapse |
synapse the junction between the axon terminals of the sending neuron and the dendrites of the receiving neuron |
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Neurotransmitters |
neurotransmitter a chemical messenger that carries impulses across the synaptic gaps between neurons |
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Spinal cord |
spinal cord a column of nerves within the spine that transmits messages to and from the brain |
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Somatic nervous system |
somatic nervous system the division of the peripheral nervous system that connects the central nervous system with sensory receptors, muscles, and the skin |
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Autonomic nervous system |
autonomic nervous system the subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that regulates body functions, such as respiration and digestion |
