Chapter 3: Racial And Ethnic Inequality

Front 1

Race

Back 1

A socially constructed category of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of a society define as important.

Front 2

Ethnicity

Back 2

A shared cultural heritage, which typically involves common ancestors, language, and religion.

Front 3

Minority

Back 3

Any category of people, identified by physical or cultural traits, that a society subjects to disadvantages.

Front 4

Genocide

Back 4

The systematic killing of one category of people by another.

Front 5

Segregation

Back 5

The physical and social separation of categories of people.

Front 6

Assimilation

Back 6

The process by which minorities gradually adopt cultural patterns from the dominate majority population.

Front 7

Pluralism

Back 7

A state in which people of all racial and ethic categories have about the same overall social standing.

Front 8

Prejudice

Back 8

Any rigid and unfounded generalization about an entire category of people.

Front 9

Stereotype

Back 9

An exaggerated description applied to every person in some category.

Front 10

Racism

Back 10

The assertion that people of one race are less worthy than or biologically inferior to others.

Front 11

Institutional Racism

Back 11

Racism at work in the operation of social institutions, including the economy, schools, hospitals, the military, and the criminal justice system.

Front 12

Multiculturalism

Back 12

Education programs designed to recognize cultural diversity in the United States and to promote respect for all cultural traditions.

Front 13

Eurocentrism

Back 13

The practice of using European (particularly English) cultural standards to judge everyone.

Front 14

Discrimination

Back 14

The unequal treatment of various categories of people.

Front 15

Institutional Discrimination

Back 15

Discrimination that is built into the operations of social institutions, including the economy, schools, and the legal system.

Front 16

1800s European scientists divided race into what categories?

Back 16

Caucasian, Negroid, and Mongolid.

Front 17

Multiracial people...

Back 17

Identifying with more than one race category.

Front 18

Period of time beginning around 1865 and ending near 1914 in which twenty-five million immigrates came to the United States.

Back 18

The 'Great Immigration.'

Front 19

Immigration Act of 1924

Back 19

Regulated the number of people that could come to America from each country, each year.

Front 20

Factors that reduced immigration numbers included what?

Back 20

Laws/restrictions and The Great Depression.

Front 21

When did the Immigration Act of 1924 come ?

Back 21

In the year 1965.

Front 22

1986 Immigration Control and Reform Act

Back 22

Outlawed the hiring illegal immigrants and granted amnesty to 3 million illegal immigrants already living in the United States.

Front 23

By 2011, how many US states declared English the official language by law?

Back 23

Thirty-one States.

Front 24

Joan Albon theorized that...

Back 24

American Indians tend to be “in direct opposite to the principles of the modern, competitive, capitalistic order.”

Front 25

The following is a...

People should have equal standing before the law, and a chance to improve their lives. If society provides these basic rights, the individual people are responsible for their economic standing.

Back 25

Conservative belief.

Front 26

The following is a...

Prejudice and discrimination, rather than cultural differences, are the main cause of social inequality. People simply do not have the same chance to get ahead.

This is a result, not a cause of social inequality.

Back 26

Liberal belief.

Front 27

The following is a...

Greater government spending is needed to end racial and ethnic inequality, as well as regulations on capitalists.

Back 27

Radical left belief.

Front 28

The Multicultural Theory

Back 28

US culture provides privileges to dominate European, white majorities while pushing minorities to the edge of society.

Front 29

WEB Du Bois wrote what?

Back 29

"The Souls of Black Folk"