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endocrine system

a system of glands that secrete hormones into the blood or surrounding tissue.

endocrine cells

special cells within a gland that synthesize hormones and then excrete them.

hormones

chemical messengers that travel from endocrine cells to target cells.

Where are hormones made?

A. glandular tissue.


-special tissues in the body that pump out hormones.
-includes adrenal glands, pancreas, gonads.




B. neurosecretory cells.
-special cells in the brain that pump out hormones.
-includes corticotrophin (releasing hormone)

What are hormones made of?

A. peptide hormones
-hormones consisting of short sequence of amino acids.
-these are coded by DNA.




B. steroid hormones
-small molecules that are not made of amino acids and are instead made by lipids.
-testosterone, estrogen.

How are hormones made?

A. peptide hormones
-stored by endocrine cells and released on a moments notice.
---fast acting.




B. steroid hormones
-synthesized in response to a stimulus and then released
---slow acting.

What was the first discovered insect hormone

Juvenile hormone.
-this was done with an experiment in bees which discovered that JH is correlated with behavioral development.




---ex: nurse bees (younger) have low JH wherease foragers (older) have high JH.