Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Social environment |
The entire human environment, including interaction with others. |
|
|
Socialization |
The process by which people learn the characteristics of their group - the knowledge, skills, attitudes, values, norms, and actions thought appropriate for them |
|
|
Self |
The unique human capacity of being able to see ourselves "from the outside"; the views we internalize of how others see us |
|
|
Looking - glass self |
A term coined by Charles Horton Cooley to refer to the process by which our self develops through internalizing others reactions to us |
|
|
3 elements to the looking glass self |
- we imagine how we appear to those around us - we interpret others reactions - we develop a self - concept |
|
|
Taking the role of the others |
Putting yourself in someone else's shoes; understanding how someone else feels and thinks, so you anticipate how that person will act |
|
|
Significant others |
An individual who significantly influences someone else |
|
|
Generalized other |
The norms, values, attitudes, and expectations of people "In general"; the child's ability to take the role of the generalized other is a significant step in the development of a self |
|
|
3 stages we learn to take the role of others |
1. Imitation (mimic others. Under age 3) - prepares us for role taking 2. Play - ages 3-6 3. Team games - when we enter school |
|
|
2 parts of self |
I - subject - who am I? Me - object- what do others think about me? Psychologist G.H. Mead |
|
|
Jean Piaget's 4 stages |
1. The sensorimotor stage (birth to age 2) 2. The preopetational stage (age 2-7) 3. The concrete operational stage (7-12) 4. The formal operational stage (after age 12) |
|
|
Personality 3 elements |
Id: Freud's term for our inborn basic drives Ego: Freud's term for a balancing force between the Id and the demands of society Superego: Freud's term for the conscious; the internalized norms and values of our social groups |
|
|
Psychoanalysis |
A technique for treating emotional problems through long - term exploration of the subconscious mind |
|
|
Kohlberg |
Development of morality |
|
|
Gender |
The behaviors and attitudes that a society considers proper for its males and females; masculinity or femininity |
|
|
Gender socialization (gender map) |
The paths in life set out for us because we are male or female |
|
|
Peer group |
A group of individuals, often of roughly the same age, who are linked by common interests and orientations |
|
|
Mass media |
Forms of communication, such as radio, newspaper,and TV that are directed to mass audiences |
|
|
Social Inequality |
A social condition in which privileges and obligations are given to some but denied to others |
|
|
Agents of socialization |
People or groups that affect our self concept, attitudes, behaviors, or other orientations towards life Ex: family, neighborhood, religion, day care, school and peers, and the work place |
|
|
Manifest functions |
The intended beneficial consequences of peoples actions |
|
|
Latent functions |
Unintended beneficial consequences of peoples actions |
|
|
Corridor curriculum |
Students teach one another outside the classroom |
|
|
Anticipatory socialization |
The process of learning in advance an anticipated future role or status |
|
|
Resocialization |
The process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors |
|
|
Total institution |
A place that is almost totally controlled by those who run it, in which people are cut off from the rest of society and the society is mostly cut off from them Ex: boot camp, prison, concentration camp |
|
|
Degradtion ceremony |
A term coined by Harold garfinkel to refer to a ritual whose goal is to remake someone's self by stripping away that individuals self - identity and stamping a new identity in its place. What happens: shaving the head, strip and undergo examination, fingerprinting |
|
|
Life course |
The stages of our life as we go from birth to death |
|
|
Childhood |
Birth to age 12 |
|
|
Adolescence |
13-17 |
|
|
Transitional adult |
18-29 A period following high school when young adults have not yet taken on the responsibilities ordinarily associated with adulthood; also called adultolescence |
|
|
The middle years |
30-65 |
|
|
The older years |
63 and on |
|
|
Transitional older years |
An emerging stage of life course between retirement and when people are considered old; about age 63-74 |
|
|
Feral children |
Children assumed to have been raised by animals, in the wilderness, isolated from humans |
|
|
George Herbert Mead |
Importance of play in socialization |
|
|
Transitional adult |
18-29 |
|
|
Childhood |
Birth -12 |
|
|
Older years |
63 and on |
