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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Robert Boyle |
He defined element as the simplest composition of matter and cannot be further broken down. He suggested that atoms of elements combine to form compounds |
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Dephlogisticated air |
By Joseph Priestly. Process of isolating oxygen gas. |
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Anton-Laurent Lavoisier |
He found out that the gas, which he already called oxygen, is involved in combustion and respiration |
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Law of conservation of mass |
In chemical reaction, the mass of substances produced is equal to the mass of the substances created. |
Formulated by Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier Ex. Balancing equations |
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Law of definite proportions / law of definite composition |
Established by French chemist Josheph-Louis Proust. Any sample of a given compound will always be composed of the same elements in the same proportion by mass |
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Law of multiple proportions |
Proposed by British scientist John Dalton. For elements that can form different compounds, masses of second element combined with fixed mass of first element is in a ratio of small whole number |
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Protons, neutrons, electrons |
Subatomic Particles |
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Joseph John Thomson |
-Discovered electrons(negatively charged particles) while studying the nature of cathode rays -Proposed plum pudding model of the atom; the bread are positive charge while the plums are negatively charge |
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Robert Millikan |
He determined the actual charge of the electron |
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Ernest Rutherford |
-He discovered and described alpha and beta rays as positively and negatively charged radiation -He discovered the proton |
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James Chadwick |
Former student of Rutherford, discovered another type of particle in the nucleus - the neutron |
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Nucleons |
Nucleus at the center, consisting of protons and neutrons |
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Atomic Number (Z) |
-Represents the number of protons in its nucleus -number of protons = number of nuetrons |
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Mass Number (A) |
-Total number of protons and neutrons A = number of protons + number of neutrons |
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Henry Mosley |
-He corrected some elements in the earlier versions of the periodic table |
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Isotopes |
Atoms of the same element can have different number of neutrons. They have different mass numbers but same atomic number |
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Protium, deuterium, tritium |
A nuetral hydrogen atom, consisting of only one proton and electron, has three different isotopes |
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Ions |
Electrically charged particle that happens when a neutral atom gains or loses one of more electrons |
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Cations |
Positively charged due to metals losing electrons |
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Anions |
Negatively charged which happens when nonmentals gain electrons |
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Neutral atoms |
Can either share or exchange electrons |
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Charged number |
The number of electrons lost or gained |
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