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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Culture |
Shared: - Values -Understandings -Assumptions -Learned form earlier generations |
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Cultural Diffusion |
Spreading and mixing of cultures |
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Creolization |
adopting a new culture and keeping some of own |
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Organizational Culture |
values beliefs and goals of a common group |
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National Variables |
-Ecomonic -Political -Technological |
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Sociocultrual Variables |
Religion -Education -Language |
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Cultural Variables |
Values -Norms -Beliefs |
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Attitudes |
-Work -Time -Materialism -Individualism -Change |
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Individual and Group Employee Job Beahviour |
Motivation -Productivity -Commitment -Ethics |
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Contextual Knowledge |
Ability to understand the limits to our own knowledge and adapt to the knowledge of the environment around us. |
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Convergence |
Shifting of management styles to become more like each other. |
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Self-reference criterion |
subconscious feeling of understanding between people of same culture |
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Parochialism |
assumption that someone expects another to follow the pattern of their culture |
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Ethnocentrism |
feels their cultures way is the best way |
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Contingency Management |
Adapting to the culture and people around you. |
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Harris and Moran's 8 catagories |
-Education -Economic -Political -Associations -Health systems -Recreation attitudes -Religion -Kinship |
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Project GLOBE Dimensions |
- Assertivness - Future orientated -Performance orientated - Humane orientated |
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Assertiveness |
how tough and confrontational a culture is (German high) ( Swedish low) |
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Future Orientated |
value of planning for the future (Sweden high) ( Russia is low) |
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Performance Orientated |
a persons sense of urgency and continued improvement (Hong Kong high) (Argentina low) |
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Humane Orientated |
reward people for being fair, generous and kind (Philippines high) (German low) |
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Hofstede's Value Dimensions |
Power Distance -Uncertainty Avoidance -Individualism - Masculinity - Long/Short-term orientation |
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Power Distance |
Respect for leader/manager |
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Uncertainty Avoidance |
Willingness to take a risk (U.S high) (Japan low) |
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Individulism |
tendency of a person to look after themsleves and family first and not consider society (US high) (Japan low) |
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Masculinity |
assertiveness, materialism, lack of concern for others. |
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Long-term orientation |
delayed gratification for long term reward |
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Short-term orientation |
immediate gratification |
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Trompenaar's dimensions |
Obligation (universalism vs particularism) - Emotional orientation (neautral vs affective) -Privacy in relationship (specific vs diffuse) -Source of power status (achievement vs ascription) |
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Obligation |
Universalism - applies rules and systems objectively without considering individual circumstances Particularism- focuses more on the relationship |
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Emotional Orientation (neautral vs affective) |
showing of emotions in any setting including a business one. |
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Specific- orientated
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Seperate work from personal relationships UK France US |
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Diffuse-orientated |
merge work and personal relationships China and Sweden |
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Source of Power (achievement vs ascription) |
Achievement- power comes from individual achievement, education etc more equal opertunities. Ascription- power based on class, age, gender |
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Critical operational value Differences |
Time- limited in demand or life after death Change- self driven or by God Material Factors- physical goods or spiritual worship Individualism- our achievements or group (we) achievements |
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Guanxi |
network of relationships between people and community |
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Nepotism |
people in power favoring their relatives and family for jobs etc |
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Religious Affinity |
someones association with a religion |
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Paternalism |
people in power watching over and controlling those in power |
