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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Types of connective Tissue |
Embryonic Connective Tissue Adult Connective Tissue Specialized |
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Embryonic Connective Tissue |
Mesenchyme Mucous |
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Adult Connective Tissue |
Loose ( areolar ) Reticular Dense Irregular Dense regular Adipose |
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Dense regular |
Collegen Elastic |
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Specialized |
supporting Blood |
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Supporting |
cartilage bone |
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Components of Connective Tissue |
Extracellular matrix - * Fibers- collagen mostly reticular and elastic * ground substance : hydrophilic , glycoproteins, receptors |
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Fibers ( Collagen ) |
25 different types shown in the EM Type 1 is the most abundant |
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Type 1 Collagen |
67 nM band Procollagen and Tropocollagen |
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Collagen Fibers ( appearance ) |
Unbranched ( single fiber ) Look wider than elastic fibers wavy |
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Elastic fibers ( appearance ) LM or silver stained that give the appearance of black fibers |
Branched , narrow, straight Can stretch to 150% length |
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Elastic fibers ( where to find them ) |
between vertebrae epiglottis Ear Large arteries |
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Reticular fibers ( " meshed fibers " ) ( Stains brownish black w/ silver stains ) |
Mainly type III collagen Delicate, finely branched coated with glycoproteins and proteoglycans |
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Reticular fibers ( purpose ) |
Provide support for capillaries, nerves, muscle cells, lymphoid tissues Hold things together |
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Amorphous ground substance |
Glycosaminoglycans ( GAGs) Proteoglycans Glycoproteins |
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GAGs |
Linear polymers of disaccharides |
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Proteoglycans |
protein core with GAGs Attract hydrated molecules ( bind proteoglycan, with GAGs water ) |
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Glycoproteins |
Laminin, fibronectin |
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Extracellular tissue fluid |
Blood filtrate: Supplies nutrients, carries waste Edema ( excess tissue fluid ) |
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Cells in connective tissue |
Fibroblast Macrophages Plasma cells Mast cells & basophilic leukocytes Leukocytes Pericytes Fat cells |
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Fibroblast ( chongroblasts ,osteoblast ) |
Produce fibers and ground substance |
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Macrophages |
phagocytosis, cytokine secretion , antigen processing and presentation |
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Plasma cells |
produce antibodies |
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Mast cells & basophilic leukocytes |
release histamine ( and other pharmacologically active substances |
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Leukocytes |
allergic and vasoactive responses, inflammation,modulate, mast cells, phagocytosis |
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Pericytes |
contractile, pluripotential . Hang out in the basement membrane of small blood vessels. |
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Fat cells ( adipocytes) |
store fats |
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Fibroblast |
spindle-shaped, with wide cytoplasmic processes Active fibroblast has cytoplasm and nucleus present Non-active fibroblast only show presents of nucleus. |
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Longitudinal plane of section |
cut long ways |
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Transverse section |
cut from above |
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Role of fibroblast |
A scar. Wound healing. Myofibroblast or Contractile fibroblast play a role in wound healing. Can differentiate into other cells. Ex: smooth muscle |
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Macrophages ( histiocytes ) derived from white blood cells , monocytes |
Mononuclear phagocyte system ( cells the eat stuff ) |
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Make up of macrophages |
filled with phagocytosed material, secondary lysosomes, residual bodies. |
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Functions of Macrophages |
Phagocytosis of infectious microorganisms ( bacteria ) , dead cells, cell debris. Clearance of inhaled particles from lungs Secretin sf complement protein, growth factor Antigen presentation . |
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Multinuclear giant cells |
macrophages can divide, and can fuse to form multinuclear giant cells. |
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Plasma cells |
Typically rounded, with spherical or ovoid nucleus at on side of the cell. Large nucleolus, "clock face" heterochromatin. Basophilic cytoplasm , sometimes "negative image " of Golgi. Contain Euchromatin which make antibodies |
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Function |
Component of the lymphoid tissue. Arise from stimulated B lymphocytes Source of circulating antibodies |
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Mast cells ( look similar to basophils ) |
Central nucleus , often obscured by numerous membrane-bound secretory granules. Metachromasia of granules- color is different than the basophilic stain used ( due to mostly heparin) Granules also contain histamine - Causes contraction of smooth muscle and endothelial cells ( walls become leaky, facilitate inflammation) |
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Factors of granules |
Eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxis Neutrophil chemotactic factor Interleukins Lysosomal hydrolase Variety of inflammatory mediators. |
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Adult connective tissue * Dense Regular connective tissue (Collagenous) |
contains fibroblast, cytoplasm and colleges |
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Areolar ( loose ) Connective tissue |
Elastic fibers, collagen fibers , fibroblast cells, Reticular fibers, mast cells, white blood cells. |
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Elastic connective tissue |
collagen , elastic fibers, fibroblast located in large arteries, aorta. |
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Reticular connective tissue |
reticularcytes Organization for the fibers make nest for cells Found in lymphatic organs and tissue . Silver stain has them stained close to black because they have lot of sugars on them . |
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Loose and Dense Connective tissue |
Dermis that underlines your skin (L&D) Mammary glane (L&D) Esophagus (L&D Dense has bundles on fibers. Loose is located on top of the Dense |
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Unilocular |
One drop |
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Unilocular |
One drop |
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White adipose |
Produces lots of different hormones |
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Multilocular |
Many droplets - Brown fat ( critical in newborns and hibernating animals )
Scant distribution Multiple lips droplets in each cell
Provides body heat
Lots of blood vessels |
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Newborns fat |
Brown fat located in abdomen and neck |
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Newborns fat |
Brown fat located in abdomen and neck |
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Brown fat population |
Thin people more than older people .
Great to burn calories |
