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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Cytology |
Study of cells |
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Squamous |
Thin, flat, scaly shape "Fried egg" Form the epidermis |
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Cuboidal |
Squarish looking in frontal tissue sections Liver cells |
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Columnar |
Distinctly taller than wide |
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Cytology or INTERCELLULAR FLUID (ICF) |
Cytoskeleton, organelles, and inclusions are embedded in a clear gel |
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EXTRACELLULAR FLUID (ECF) |
Body fluids not contained in the cells |
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The electron microscope reveals that the cell and many of the organelles within it are bordered by a? |
Plasma membrane |
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_________ proteins penetrate into the phospholipid bilateral or all the way through it. |
Integral |
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________ proteins that pass completely through phospholipid bilayer |
Transmembrane |
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________ protein is typically anchored to a transmembrane protein as well as to the cytoskeleton |
Peripheral |
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Ligan-gated channels |
Respond to chemical messengers |
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Voltage-gated channels |
Changes in electrical potential (voltage) across the plasma membrane |
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Mechanically gated channels |
Physical stress on a cell, such as stretch and pressure |
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Microvilli, cilia, flagella, and pseudopods |
Aid in absorption, movement, and sensory processes |
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Microvilli |
Extensions of the plasma membrane that serve primarily to increase a cells surface area |
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Passive mechanisms include |
Filtration, diffusion, and osmosis |
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Active mechanism |
Consume ATP |
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Carrier-mediated mechanisms |
Use a membrane protein to transport substances from one side of the membrane ti the other |
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Simple diffusion |
Net movement of particles from one place of high concentration to a place of lower concentration |
Down their concentration gradients |
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Aquaporins |
TRANSMEMBRANE PROTEIN Specialized for the passage of water |
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Hypotonic |
Low concentration of nonpermeating solute Absorbe water, swell, and may burst |
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Hypertonic |
Causes cells to lose water and shrivel |
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Isotonic |
The same |
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Recpetor |
Binds to chemical messengers such as hormones sent by other cells |
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Enzyme |
Breaks down a chemical messenger and terminates it's effect on the target cell |
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Channel protein |
Constantly open that allows solutes to pass into and out of cell |
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Gated channel |
Opens and closes to allow solutes through only at certain times |
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Cell identity marker |
Glycoprotein acting as a cell identity marker distinguishing the body's own cells from foreign cells |
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Cell adhesion molecule (CAM) |
Binds one cell to another |
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Functions of glycocalyx |
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Passive mechanisms |
No energy input (ATP) required |
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Active mechanism |
Require energy input (ATP) |
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Filtration |
Movement of materials through membranes as a result of pressure Important in transporting substances from blood (in capillaries) to cells of tissues & urine production |
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Osmosis |
Diffusion of water |
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Facilitated diffusion |
Larger molecules or polar molecules which cannot penetrate hydrophobic core of membrane |
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