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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Which polymers are composed of amino acids? |
Proteins |
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Which of the following is not attached to the central carbon atom in an amino acid? |
An oxygen |
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Which part of an amino acid is always acidic? |
Carboxyl functional group |
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Which monomers make up RNA? |
Nucleotides |
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Which of the following statements about the formation of polypeptides from amino acids is true? |
A bond forms between the carboxyl functional group of one amino acid and the amino functional group of the other amino acid. |
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True or false? Enzymes in the digestive tract catalyze hydrolysis reactions. |
True |
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What name is given to the process seen in this animation? |
dehydration synthesis |
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Which statement is true of polymers? |
They are always made of monomers |
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The organic molecule called DNA is an example of .... |
a polymer made of nucleotides. |
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Which of the following parts of an amino acid vary among different amino acids? |
the side chain, or R group |
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Which class(es) of amino acids possess side chains that would be unable to form hydrogen bonds with water? |
amino acids with nonpolar side chains |
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During protein synthesis, the peptide bond between amino acids is formed by the process of _____. |
condensation |
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Quaternary structure |
The result of 2 or more proteins subunits assembling to form a larger, biologically active protein complex. |
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Tertiary structure |
Achieved when a proteins fads into a compact, three-dimensional shape stabilized by interactions between side-chain R groups of amino acids |
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Secondary structure |
Descries the alpha-helices and beta-sheets that are formed by hydrogen bonding between backbone atoms located near each other in a polypeptide chain. |
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Primary structure |
The sequence of amino acids in a protein. |
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The alpha-helix is a component of __________ protein structure. |
secondary |
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The secondary structure of proteins results because of _____ bonding between atoms in the protein's backbone. |
hydrogen |
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Which of the following statements about protein primary structure is true? |
Primary structure is produced by the unique sequence of amino acids in a protein. |
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What causes mad cow disease and other such spongiform encephalopathies? |
misfolded proteins known as prions |
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This animation illustrates the functioning of a _____ protein. |
transport
The protein is transporting a substance across the cell membrane |
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Arrow A is indicating a(n) _____ protein. |
structural |
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Arrow D is indicating a _____ protein. |
receptor |
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Which of these does NOT contain a structural protein? |
ovalbumin
Ovalbumin is a storage protein |
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Defensive proteins are manufactured by the _____ system. |
Immune
The immune system is involved in protecting the body against invasion by foreign objects. |
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Most protein enzymes catalyze only one specific chemical reaction effectively. What feature of protein structure is most directly responsible for this specificity? |
The specific geometry and types of amino acids in the active site |
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Proteins help cells with which task(s)? |
catalysis transport signaling all of the above |
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What two functional groups are present on every amino acid? |
an amino group and a carboxyl group |
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Nonpolar amino acid residues are typically found in the interior of globular proteins like trypsin. Which chemical force is most directly responsible? |
Hydrophobic interactions |