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95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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________ _______ _______ forced China to open foreign trade and influence |
Western economic pressure |
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Why did the Chinese look down on all foreigners?
Out of pride in their _______ ______, the Chinese looked down on all _______ |
ancient culture foreigners |
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The Chinese people were essentially ____________ |
self-sufficient |
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Because of their self-sufficiency, the Chinese had little interest in trading with the _______ |
west |
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In 1793, _______ rejects gifts brought by _______ ________ |
China British ambassador |
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China is strong __________ because it is largely __________ |
politically self-sufficient |
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What are some of the highly productive sectors from China? |
Agriculture mining manufacturing |
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__________, southern port, is only port open to foreign trade |
Guangzhou |
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China earns more from its ______ than it spends on ________ |
exports imports |
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British smuggle ________; many Chinese become ______ |
opium addicted |
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Why did Britain sell opium to China? |
To improve the balance of trade between Britain and China |
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What cause the Opium War to erupt in 1839? |
opium trade |
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______ loses the war to more modern _______ navy |
China British |
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Treaty of _________ (1842) gives British control of ______ ______ |
Nanjing Hong Kong |
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Rights mean _______ exempt from laws at Guangzhou, other ______ |
foreigners ports |
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Results of the Opium War: _________ suffered a humiliating defeat Chinese signed the Treaty of ______ Hong Kong was given to the _______ _______ _______ in opium continues Foreigners received _________ rights |
Chinese Nanjing British Bustling trade extraterritorial |
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How did the Chinese feel about the privileges that the Treaty of Nanjing gave to foreigners? |
Many Chinese greatly resented these rights |
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Hong Kong in the late _________ century was a major trading post of the ________ ________ |
19th British Empire |
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_________ _______ _____ rules China most years from 1862 to 1908 |
Dowager Empress Cixi |
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Supports reforms aimed at __________, ________, and ________ |
education government military |
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China suffers attacks from other _______; forced to grant more ________ |
nations rights |
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__________ and _______ gain spheres of influence |
Europeans, Japan |
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U.S. declares ______ ______ ______
________ trade open to all nations
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Open Door Policy
Chinese
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In the _______ ________, Chinese people fought against the Dowager Empress Cixi's rule and foreign privilege. |
Boxer Rebellion |
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proposed that all nations have equal opportunities in China |
Open Door Policy |
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The ______ ______ was trying to keep other countries from colonizing parts of China |
United States |
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Many Chinese resent ______ ______ of outsiders, press for ______ |
growing power change |
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In 1898, Emperor _______ enacts reforms; _____, restored, ends them |
Guangxu Cixi |
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The Boxer Rebellion: Anti-_________, anti-_________ ________ form secret organization |
government, European peasants |
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In 1900, they launch ________ ________- their campaign for reforms |
Boxer Rebellion |
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The Boxers (Society of Harmonious Fists) launched a campaign against the Dowager Empress’s rule and __________ privilege |
foreign |
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Rebels take _______, but ______ army defeats them, ending rebellion |
Beijing foreign |
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Though rebellion fails, Chinese _________ surges |
nationalism |
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______ and other conservatives recognize necessity of _______ |
Cixi reform |
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In 1905, she sends officials abroad to study other_________ |
governments |
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In 1906, Cixi begins making _______ but they move ______ |
reforms slowly |
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Who benefited the most from the granting of extraterritorial rights in 19th century China? |
foreigners |
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Both the ____________ War and the __________ War were fought over the control of Korea. |
Sino-Japanese Russo-Japanese |
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The resentment of foreigners in China contributed to both the ______ War and the _______ Rebellion |
Opium Boxer |
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In the Boxer Rebellion, Chinese people fought against the ______ ____ _____ rule and ________ privilege |
Dowager Empress Cixi's foreign |
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a region in which a foreign nation controls trade and investment |
sphere of influence |
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In the ______ _______, Chinese people fought against the Dowager Empress Cixi's rule and foreign privilege |
Boxer Rebellion |
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Why did the Chinese look down on all foreigners? |
pride in their ancient culture were self-sufficient |
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Japan followed the model of Western powers by __________ and ________ its foreign influence |
industrializing and expanding |
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Nippon- ______ Japan |
koku |
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An 1854 agreement between the United States and Japan, which opened two Japanese ports to U.S. ships and allowed the United States to set up an embassy in Japan. |
Treaty of Kanagawa |
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What is the period of Japanese history from 1867-1912 called? |
Meiji |
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the Treaty of Kanagawa marked the end of Japan's period of ________ |
seclusion |
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The Treaty of Kanagawa was signed as a result of pressure from ________ ___________ Matthew |
U.S. Commodore |
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a Japanese emperor, who became the symbol for, and encouraged, the dramatic transformation of Japan from a feudal closed society into one of the great powers of the modern world |
Mutsuhito |
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China and Japan Confront the West
-Both have well-established __________ ________ -Initially _______ change -Oppose _________ __________ |
traditional values resist Western imperialism |
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Sino-Japanese War: At the root of the conflict was what both countries saw as their competing _______ in _______, particularly with regard to the market for ________, which from about 1892 had begun to favor ______. |
rights in Korea cotton China |
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Sino-Japanese War: ____________ uprisings in Korea provided the pretext for a Japanese ________ , and troops landed in 1894, where they soon met a ________ _____ in a series of battles favorable to _______. The _______ fleet surrendered to the ______ later the same month. Japan received ______ at this time. |
Anti-government invasion Chinese army Japan Chinese, Japanese Taiwan
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Russo-Japanese war: ______ and _____ fought a war over China's Manchurian territory. ______ surprised the world by defeating a larger power that was supposed to be stronger. |
Japan and Russia Japan |
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Russo-Japanese war: Next, Japan attacked _______, and by 1910 had won complete control. The Japanese were very harsh rulers. The Koreans bitterly resented these actions. |
Korea |
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Korea Under Japanese Occupation: -Forbade ________ protest -Shut down _______ newspapers -Took over ______ schools -Replaced study of _______ ________ and ______ with that of Japan -Took ______ from Korean farmers -Forbade Koreans from starting _______ but encouraged Japanese to come to Korea and start businesses. |
public Korean Korean Korean language and history land businesses |
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-China remains committed to _________ values -Loses numerous _________ conflicts -Grants other nations _______ of _________ within China -Finally accepts necessity for _______ |
traditional territorial spheres of influence reform
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-Japan considers __________ to be necessary -Borrows and adapts ________ ways -Strengthens its _______ and _______ power -Becomes an ________ builder
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modernization Western economic and military empire |
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On page 721 there is a Venn diagram called “China and Japan Confront the West.” List the 3 points under “Both”
1. Have well-established ________ values 2. Initially _______ change 3. Oppose western ________ |
traditional change imperialism |
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The adding of a region to the existing territory of a politic unit |
annexation |
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was an american statistician, professor, author, lecturer, and consultant. perhaps best known for his work in japan |
william edwards deming |
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Both the Sino-Japanese War and Russo-Japanese War were fought over control of what country? |
Korea |
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Because of the treaty of Kanagawa, Japan opened two ________ to U.S. ______, and the United States set up an embassy in Japan |
ports, ships |
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Two Asian powers, ______ and ______, fought over Korea during the Russo-Japanese War |
Russia and Japan |
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Japan followed the model of Western powers by industrializing and expanding its ________ ________ |
foreign influence |
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The United States put increasing economic and political pressure on ________ _________ during the 19th century |
Latin America |
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Why did foreign nations benefit far more from trade with Latin America than did Latin America? |
Latin America's exports of beef, fruits, and vegetables increased with railroads, steamships, refrigeration. Latin Americans imported manufactured goods. Latin America had little incentives to develop their own manufacturing industry. |
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The purpose of the Monroe Doctrine was to _________ European nations from establishing _________ in Latin America |
discourage colonies |
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A Cuban writer who had been exiled for his support of Cuban independence. He returned to Cuba to fight for independence, but was killed early on in the war. |
Jose Marti |
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Technology makes trade easier: __________ __________ __________ |
Railroads Steamships Refrigeration |
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What was the result of the Spanish American War for Cuba?
It became independent from _______, but in reality the U.S. government installed a ______ __________. This has caused conflict between _____ and the _______ _______ to this day. |
Spain military government Cuba, United States |
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What did the United States gain as a result of the Spanish American War? |
Puerto Rico Guam Philippines |
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a military dictator of a Latin American country |
caudillo |
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a U.S. policy of opposition to European interference in Latin America, announced by President Monroe in 1823 |
Monroe Doctrine |
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President Theodore Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, in which he declared that the United States had the right to exercise police power throughout the Western Hemisphere |
Roosevelt Corollary |
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a manmade waterway connecting the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, built in Panama by the United States and opened in 1914 |
Panama Canal |
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There is a very famous political cartoon on page 727. The Roosevelt Corollary gave the President much power. According to this cartoon, what became the President’s wading pool? |
Caribbean |
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the slogan describing U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt's corollary to the Monroe Doctrine |
Big Stick Diplomacy or Big Stick Policy |
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During the 19th century, Latin American countries supplied European countries with _________ and _______ _______ |
resources cash crops |
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Most of the money that they received went to pay for products that they imported from the _______ ________ |
European countries |
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Spain lost control of _______ as a result of the Spanish-American War |
Cuba |
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_____, ________, and _______ inequalities in Mexico triggered a period of revolution and reform |
Political, economic, and social |
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Who fought for Mexican independence from Spain, and also fought to retain the territory of Texas? |
Santa Anna |
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What were Mexico's Big 3? |
Mexico's War for Independence Mexican American War Mexican Revolution |
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Who started the liberal reform movement in Mexico (La Reforma)? |
Benito Juarez |
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Benito Juarez made efforts to _______ the country. |
modernize |
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often regarded as Mexico's greatest and most beloved leader. the first full-blooded indigenous national to serve as President of Mexico |
Benito Juarez |
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What were the 3 main goals of La Reforma?
-Redistribution of ______ -separation of ______ and ______ -increased ________ opportunities |
land church and state educational |
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Why was the Mexican Revolution fought?
-Protest over the harsh rule of _______ -liberals wanted _______ -laborers hungered for ______ -workers hungered for better ______ and _________ -Summary: to _________ the harsh rule of the _________ ruling Mexico (Diaz) |
Diaz liberty land wages and conditions overthrow, dictator |
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Díaz's time in office is remembered for the advances he brought in _______ and ___________ |
industry and modernization |
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But, it was at the expense of ________ rights and _______ reforms |
human liberal |
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Who was the Robin Hood of Mexico? |
Pancho Villa |
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in the late 1840s and early 1850s, Benito Juarez started a liberal reform movement, called ____ _______, in Mexico |
La Reforma |
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Antonio Lopez de ________ ________ fought for Mexican independence from Spain, and he fought to retain the territory of Texas |
Santa Anna |
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Benito Juarez is remembered for instituting ____ _______ while he was president of Mexico |
La Reforma |
