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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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star
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body of gases that gives off a tremendous amount of radiant energy in the form of light and heat.
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circumpolar
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Describing any stars that is always visible in the night sky and, from the Northern Hemisphere, can be seen circling Polaris.
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light-years
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Distance that light travels in one year, about 9.5 trillion km
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parallax
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Method of determining the distance from the earth to a star based on the shift I the apparent position of the star when viewed from different angles.
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apparent magnitude
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Brightness of a star as it appears from the earth.
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absolute magnitude
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Brightness of a star as it would appear if located 32.6 light-years from the earth
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H-R diagram
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Graph showing the relationship of the surface temperature and absolute magnitude of a star.
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main-sequence stars
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Star with characteristics that place it within a band running through the middle of the H-R diagram.
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super giants
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Extremely large, giant star
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giants
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Very large, cool, bright star
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red-shift
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Apparent lengthening of the light waves emitted by a star moving away from the earth.
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white dwarfs
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Small, hot, dim star
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nebula
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dark cloud of gas and dust in space; first stage in the development of a star
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protostar
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center of a shrinking, spinning nebula; the second stage in the development of a star.
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planetary nebula
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Expanding shell of gases shed by a dying star
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nova
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White dwarf star that explodes as it cools, temporarily becoming thousands of times brighter
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supernova
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Star that blows apart with a tremendous explosion
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neutron star
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Collapsed core of a supernova consisting of a small, extremely dense ball of neutrons
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pulsars
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Neutron star that emits two beams of radiation that sweep across space
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black hole
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Hole in space with a gravity so great that not even light can escape, formed by the collapse of a very large supernova
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Constellations
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pattern of stars
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Galaxies
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large-scale group of stars
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Spiral galaxy
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type of galaxy with a nucleus of bright stars and flattened arms that swirl around the nucleus.
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Barred spiral galaxy
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type of spiral galaxy with a bar of stars that runs through its center.
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Elliptical galaxies
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type of galaxy with a very bright center that contains little dust and gas and is spherical to disk like in shape.
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Irregular galaxy
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type of galaxy with no identifiable shape and uneven distribution of stars within it.
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