Chapter 26 Exam 4

Front 1

What is the organ that filters the blood and
produces urine?

Back 1

 Kidney

Front 2

Muscular tubes carry urine from kidneys to
bladder

Back 2

 Ureters

Front 3

Muscular sac stores urine

Back 3

Urinary bladder

Front 4

Muscular tube carries urine from bladder to
outside

Back 4

 Urethra

Front 5

Describe the position of the kidneys relative
to the vertebral column and the peritoneum.

Back 5

 Lateral to vertebral column (T12-L3)
 Retroperitoneal

Front 6

Describe the location of the urinary bladder
in men and women. Both –

Back 6

Posterior to symphysis pubis

Front 7

Describe the location of the urinary bladder
in men and women.Men

Back 7

Superior to prostate / Anterior to rectum

Front 8

Describe the location of the urinary bladder
in men and women.Women

Back 8

Anterior to uterus/vagina

Front 9

What tissue lines the urinary bladder?

Back 9

Transitional epithelium

Front 10

Match the muscles that control the release
of urine from the body to their description
 Involuntary, smooth muscle

Back 10

Internal urethral sphincter

Front 11

Match the muscles that control the release
of urine from the body to their description
Voluntary, skeletal muscle

Back 11

 External urethral sphincter

Front 12

List 7 functions performed by the kidney

Back 12

 Regulate plasma ion concentrations
 Regulate blood volume/pressure
 Maintain blood pH
 Conserve nutrients
 Eliminate organic wastes
 Synthesize calcitrol
 Assist liver in detoxification

Front 13

Match the 3 layers surrounding the kidney
to their description
 Collagen fibers covering kidney surface

Back 13

 Renal capsule

Front 14

Match the 3 layers surrounding the kidney
to their description Adipose tissue surrounding kidney

Back 14

 Adipose capsule / perinephretic fat

Front 15

Match the 3 layers surrounding the kidney
to their description Collagen fibers binding kidney to muscle
and peritoneum

Back 15

 Renal fascia

Front 16

What do we call the concave, medial
portion of the kidney where vessels enter or
exit?

Back 16

 Hilum

Front 17

What do we call the outer, granular,
reddish-brown layer of the kidney?

Back 17

 Renal cortex

Front 18

What do we call the internal, darker layer
that consists of 6-18 triangular structures?

Back 18

Renal medulla

Front 19

What do we call these triangular structures?

Back 19

Renal pyramids

Front 20

What are the light-colored bands (cortex
extensions) that separate these triangles?

Back 20

 Renal columns

Front 21

What do we call the internal space that
contains vessels, particularly the tubes that
collect urine, and adipose tissue?

Back 21

 Renal sinus

Front 22

What do we call the functional unit of the
kidney consisting of a renal pyramid, the
overlying cortex, and adjacent segment of
renal column?

Back 22

 Renal lobe

Front 23

List the tubes that transport urine from the
renal pyramids to the ureter from small to
large

Back 23

 Minor calyx
 Major calyx
 Renal pelvis

Front 24

What microscopic tubular structures within
the kidney produce urine?

Back 24

 Nephrons

Front 25

What are the three processes of urine
formation?

Back 25

 Filtration
 Tubular reabsorption
 Tubular secretion

Front 26

What do we call the filtering component of
the nephron?
 Contains a capillary network that serves to
filter the smaller contents from the blood and a
cup-like portion that serves as the beginning of
the tubular portion of the nephron?

Back 26

 Renal corpuscle

Front 27

What is the name for the cup-like portion of
this structure that collects fluids from a
capillary network filter?

Back 27

 Glomerular capsule

Front 28

Match the blood vessels of the renal
corpuscle to their description
 Arteriole bringing blood to capillary filter

Back 28

Afferent arteriole

Front 29

Match the blood vessels of the renal
corpuscle to their description
Capillary filter between arterioles

Back 29

Glomerulus

Front 30

Match the blood vessels of the renal
corpuscle to their description Arteriole taking blood from capillary filter

Back 30

Efferent arteriole

Front 31

List 3 factors that make the capillary
network of the renal corpuscle act as a filter

Back 31

 *Afferent arteriole is wider than efferent,
causing high pressure
 *Glomerulus is leaky
 *Capillary endothelium is fenestrated

Front 32

What is the name of the urine forming
tubular portion of the nephron?

Back 32

 Renal tubule

Front 33

First section, microvilli covered simple
cuboidal epithelium.
actively absorbs nutrients and ions,
passively absorbs water

Back 33

 Proximal convoluted tubule

Front 34

RENAL TUBULE
Middle section, travels into and out of
medulla, two portions

Back 34

 Nephron loop

Front 35

Transports sodium and chloride ions into
medulla, cuboidal

Back 35

 Thick section

Front 36

Allows water to pass into medulla,
squamous

Back 36

 Thin section

Front 37

Final section, simple cuboidal epithelium
lacks microvilli
 actively secretes ions, acids / selectively
reabsorbs sodium, calcium, water

Back 37

 Distal convoluted tubule

Front 38

What do we call the tubes, sensitive to ADH
and can absorb water from the tubular fluid,
that collect tubular fluid from many
nephrons?

Back 38

 Collecting ducts

Front 39

Through what structure does the collecting
duct open into the minor calyx?

Back 39

 Renal papilla

Front 40

List the two types of nephron based on the
location of their renal corpuscle
 Within the cortex

Back 40

Cortical nephrons

Front 41

List the two types of nephron based on the
location of their renal corpuscle
At the junction of the cortex and medulla

Back 41

Juxtamedullary nephrons

Front 42

What feature is useful for discriminating
between these two both anatomically and
functionally? cortical and juxtamedullary nephron

Back 42

 Length of the nephron loop

Front 43

Match the capillary networks that arise from
the efferent arteriole to their descriptions
 Cortical capillaries surrounding convoluted
tubules, cortical nephrons

Back 43

Peritubular capillaries

Front 44

Match the capillary networks that arise from
the efferent arteriole to their descriptions
Medullary capillaries surrounding nephron
loop, juxtamedullary nephrons

Back 44

Vasa recta

Front 45

What structures consist of a couple of cell
types working together to regulate blood
pressure?

Back 45

 Juxtaglomerular apparatus