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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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group of stars that forms a pattern in the sky that looks like a familiar object (Big dipper, Orion)
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constellation
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collapsed core of a supernova that can strink to about 20 km in diameter and comtains only neutrons in the dense core
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neutron star
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final state in the evolution of a supernova, where the core's mass collapses to a point that it has no volume and whose gravity is so strong that even light can escape
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black hole
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late stage in the life cycle of a massive star in which the core heats up, heavy elements form by fusion, and the star expands; can eventually explode to form a supernova
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supergiant
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states that about 12 billion to 15 billiob years ago, the universe began with a huge, fiery explosion
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big bang theory
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measure of the amount of light a star actually gives off
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absolute magnitude
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late state in the life cycle of a main sequence star in which its core uses up its helium and its outer layers escape into space, leaving behind a hot, dense core
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white dwarf
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measure of the amount of light from a star that is received
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apparent magnitude
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late stage in the life of a main sequence star when hydrogen in the core is used up; the core contracts and temperatures inside the star increase, causing its outer layers to expand and cool
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giant
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large cloud of gas and dust that contracts under gravitional force and breaks apart into smaller pieces, each of which will collapse to form a star
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nebula
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areas of the sun that are coller and less bright than surrounding areas are caused by the sun's magnetic field, and occurs in cycles
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sunspot
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large group of stars, dust, and gas held together by gravity
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galaxy
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distance light travels in one year-about 9.5 trillionkm- which is used to record distances between stars and galaxies
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light-year
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layer of the sun's atmosphere above the photosphere
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chromosphere
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lowest layer of the sun's atmosphere; gives off light and has temperatures of about 6,000k
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photosphere
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outermost layer of the sun's atmosphere; extends millions of milometers into space and has temperatures up to 2 million k
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corona
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two types of _____ galaxies are barred and normal
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spiral
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group of galaxies
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cluster
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galaxies have many different shapes and are usually smaller and less common than other types of galaxies
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irregular
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a spiral galaxy about 2.2 million light-years away is in the constellation__________
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andromeda
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galaxies shaped like footballs are_______ galaxies
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elliptical
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two irregular galaxies called the ____________ orbit the milky way
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clouds of magellan
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is an explanation for the formation of the universe
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big bang theory
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the solar system in which we live is the ___________ galaxy
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milky way
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the andromeda galaxy is a member of the _____
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local group
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causes charges in the light coming from distant stars and galaxies
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Doppler shift
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one model of the orgin of the universe is the _____________, which proposes that the universe was always as it is now
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Steady state theory
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another model of the orgin of the universe is the _____________, which believes that the universe expnds and contracts in a regular pattern
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oscillating model
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