Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Radioactivity |
The process by which materials give off such rays; named by Marie Curie |
|
|
Radiation |
The penetrating rays and particles emitted by a radioactive source |
|
|
Radioisotopes |
The nuclei of unstable isotopes, in nuclear reactions, gain stability by undergoing changes |
|
|
Alpha Particle |
Contains two protons and two neutrons, also has a double positive charge |
|
|
Beta Particle |
An electron resulting in the breaking part of a neutron in an atom |
|
|
Gamma Ray |
A high-energy photon emitted by a radioisotope |
|
|
Band of Stability |
The region where the stable nuclei are |
|
|
Positron |
Particle with the mass of an electron but with a positive charge |
|
|
Half-Life |
(t1/2) The time required for one-half of the nuclei of a radioisotope sample to decay ro products |
|
|
Transmutation |
Conversion of an atom of one element to an atom of another element |
|
|
Transuranium Elements |
Elements in the periodic table with the atomic numbers above 92, the atomic number of uranium |
|
|
Fission |
The splitting of a nucleus into smaller fragments, when the nuclei of certain isotopes are bombarded with neutrons |
|
|
Neutron Moderation |
Process that slows down neutrons so the reactor fuel (uranium-235 or plutonium-239) captures them to continue the chain reaction |
|
|
Neutron Absorption |
Process that decreases the number of slow moving neutrons |
|
|
Fusion |
Occurs when nuclei combine to produce a nucleus of greater mass |
|
|
Ionizing Radiation |
Radiation with enough energy to knock electrons off some atoms of the bombarded substance to produce ions |
|
|
Geiger Counter |
Uses a gas filled metal tube to detect radiation |
|
|
Scintillation Counter |
Uses a phosphor-coated surface to detect radiation |
|
|
Film Badge |
Consists of several layers of photographic film covered with black light proof paper, all encased in a plastic or metal holder |
|
|
Neutron Activated Analysis |
Procedure used to detect trace anounts of elements in samples |
