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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Northern Securites Company
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Controlled the massive rail networks of the Northern Pacific, Great Northern, and Chicago, Burlington & Quincy railroads.
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Hepburn Act
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A law that strengthened the rate-making power of the Interstate Commerce Commission, again reflecting the era's desire to control the power of the railroads. It increased the ICC's membership from five to seven, empowered it to fix reasonable railroad rates, and broadened its jurisdiction. It also made ICC rulings binding perding court appeals.
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The Jungle
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Book written by Sinclair Upton about about the packinghouses and the health problems.
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Payne Aldrich Act
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Passed in November 1909, called for higher rates than the original House bill, though it lowered them from the Dingley Tariff of 1897. Helped discredit Taft and revealed the tensions in the Republican party.
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"Bully Pulpit"
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A forum of ideas and leadership for the nation.
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Ballinger - Pinchot Controversy
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Obscured Taft's important contributions to conservation.
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Social Justice Movement
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during the 1890s and after, this important movement attracted followers who sought to free people from the often devastating impact of urban life. It focused on the need for tenemnet house laws, more stingent child labor regulations, and better working conditions for women. Social-justice reformers also brought pressure on municpal agencies for better community services and facilities.
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"Bull Moose"
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Also known as the Progressive Party, set the stage for the first important three-cornered presidential contest since 1860.
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New Freedom
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Woodrow Wilson's program in his campaign for the presidency in 1912, the New Freedom emphasized business competition and small government.
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New Nationalism
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Theodore Roosevelt's program in his campaign for the presidency in 1912, the New Nationalism called for a national approach to the country's affairs and a strong president to deal with them.
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American Medical Association
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Organized in 1901 and made it into a modern national professional society.
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The Jungle/ Upton Sinclair
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Book written by Upton Sinclair about the meat packing factories and all of the health issues relating to them.
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How The Other Half Lives/ Jacob Riis
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Book written by Jacob Riis about the tenement houses and slums.
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WCTU
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The Women's Christian Temperance Union, which had continued to grow since it was founded in the 1870s. Joined by the Anti-Saloon League in 1893.
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Anti-Saloon League
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Joined with the WCTU in 1893 to press to abolish alcohol and the places where it was consumed.
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"Brandeis Brief"
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Filed by attorney Louis D. Brandeis in the Supreme Court case of Muller v. Oregon, this brief presented only two pages of legal precedents, but contained 115 pages of sociological evidence on the negative effects of long workdays on women's health and thus on women as mothers. The brief expanded the definition of legal evidence.
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Muller v. Oregon
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This Supreme Court decision established special protections for working women, upholding an Oregon law that limited women working in factories and laundries to a ten-hour work day.
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Pragmatism
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A doctrine that emerged in the early twentieth century, built largely on the ideas of Harvard psychologist and philosopher William James.
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Oswald Garrison Villard
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A leader of the NAACP, proposed a National Race Commission to study the problem of race relations.
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Underwood Tariff
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An early accomplishment of the Wilson administration, this law reduced the tariff rates of the Payne-Aldrich law of 1909 by about 15 percent. It also levied a graduated income tax to make up for the lost revenue.
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Meat Inspection Act
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Set rules for sanitary meatpacking and government inspections of meat products.
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Pure Food and Drug Act
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Required manufacturers to list certain ingredients on the label, it represented a pioneering effort to ban the manufacture and sale of adulterated, misbranded, or unsanitary food or drugs.
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Clayton Anti-trust Act
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An attempt to improve the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890, this law outlawed interlocking directorates, forbade policies that created monopolies, and made corporate officers responsible for antitrust violations.
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Mann-Elkins Act
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It gave the ICC power to set rates, stiffened long- and short-haul regulations, and placed telephone and telegraph companies under ICC jurisdiction.
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"Wisconsin Idea"
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One of the most important reform programs in the history of state government. It established an industrial commission, the first in the country, to regulate factory safety and sanitation.
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Tom Johnson
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A millionaire who had made his fortune manipulating city franchises. Also mayor of Cleveland, Ohio from 1901 to 1909.
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Joe Cannon
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Republican speaker of the House who had been setting House procedures, appointing committees, and virtually dictating legislation.
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Federal Trade Commission
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Composed of five members, the commission could demand special and annual reports, investigate complaints, and order corporate compliance, subject to court review.
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Interstate Commerce Commission
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Created by Congress in 1887, this agency was authorized to investigate and oversee railroad activities. It also outlawed rebates and pooling agreements.
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Keating-Owens Act
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The first federal child labor law, prohibited the shipment in interstate commerce of products manufactured by children under the age of 14.
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Federal Trade Commission
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Composed of five members, the commission could demand special and annual reports, investigate complaints, and order corporate compliance, subject to court review.
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Interstate Commerce Commission
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Created by Congress in 1887, this agency was authorized to investigate and oversee railroad activities. It also outlawed rebates and pooling agreements.
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1910 Midterm Elections
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Democrats sweep midterm elections.
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1912 Presidential Elections
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Progressive party formed; nominates Roosevelt for president and Woodrow Wilson is elected president.
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Keating-Owens Act
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The first federal child labor law, prohibited the shipment in interstate commerce of products manufactured by children under the age of 14.
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1910 Midterm Elections
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Democrats sweep midterm elections.
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1912 Presidential Elections
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Progressive party formed; nominates Roosevelt for president and Woodrow Wilson is elected president.
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1902 Coal Strike
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Coal miners in northeastern Pennsylvania strike led by John Mitchell. The United Mine Workers demanded wage increases, an eight-hour workday, and company recognition of the union.
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John Dewey
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The most influential educator of the Progressive Era.
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Robert LaFollette
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A graduate of the University of Wisconsin who served three terms in Congress during the late 1880s.
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Thorstein Veblen
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Saw economic laws a mask for human greed.
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Dr. Alice Hamilton
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She went to the University of Michigan Medical School, and then settled in Chicago, where she met Jane Addams and took a room in the Hull House.
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