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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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electric charge |
a physical property of particles or objects that causes them to attract or repel each other without touching. |
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electric field |
space around a charged particle where the particle exerts electric force on other particles. |
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electric force |
The force of attraction or repulsion between charged particles |
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law of conservation of charge |
Like the formation of ions, the formation of charged matter in general depends on the transfer of electrons either between two materials or within a material. Three ways this can occur are friction, conduction, and polarization. In all cases, the total charge remains the same. Electrons move, but they aren’t destroyed. |
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static discharge |
sudden flow of electrons |
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static electricity |
Polarization leads to the buildup of electric charges on objects. (buildup of charges) |
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alternating current (AC) |
When current keeps reversing direction |
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direct current (DC) |
When current flows in just one direction |
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electric conductor |
Materials that have low resistance to electric current |
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electric current |
continuous flow of electric charges. |
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electric insulator |
Materials that have high resistance to electric current |
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Ohm’s law |
relationships between current, voltage, and resistance were first demonstrated by a German scientist named Georg Ohm in the early 1800s, so they are referred to as Ohm’s law Current (amps)= Voltage/Resistance |
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resistance |
opposition to the flow of electric charges that occurs when electric current travels through matter. |
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voltage |
The difference in electric potential energy is called potential difference, or voltage |
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electric circuit |
A closed loop through which current can flow |
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electric power |
The rate at which a device changes electric current to another form of energy |
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parallel circuit |
has two (or more) loops through which current can flow. |
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series circuit |
has only one loop through which current can flow. |
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electronics |
common devices, such as mobile phones and computers, use electric current for another purpose: to encode information. The use of electric current for this purpose |
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semiconductor |
a solid crystal—usually consisting mainly of silicon—that can conduct current better than an electric insulator but not as well as an electric conductor. |
