Env/ Chp 2: Science Literacy

Front 1

What is Ozone?

Back 1

A molecule of 3 oxygen atoms (O3)

Hint 1

O3

Front 2

What natural component of the stratosphere shields Earth from UV Rays?

Back 2

Ozone: 3 oxygen atoms (O3)

Hint 2

O3

Front 3

Ozone found in the _____is harmful to living things?

Back 3

Troposphere

Front 4

Ozone is a key element of the ______, the blanket of gases surrounding our planet.

Back 4

The Atmosphere

Front 5

The Atmosphere

Back 5

Composed of several layers that differ in density, gas composition, and temperature.

Front 6

UV-C

Back 6

Is the most energetic form of UV radiation.

Front 7

UV-B

Back 7

Can cause damage to the DNA of living things.

Front 8

UV-A

Back 8

Is the least energetic form of UV radiation but can still cause sunburns, and even cancer.

Front 9

Temperature

Back 9

Varies through-out the atmosphere layers.

Front 10

Science

Back 10

A body of facts and explanations.

The process used to gain that knowledge.

It's worth noting that facts may change as more data are collected.

Front 11

Natural World

Back 11

Physical phenomena that can be objectively observed.

Front 12

Science is not?

Back 12

Subjective, ethical, or spiritual questions

Front 13

What depletes ozone?

Back 13

The key culprit: chlorofluocarbons (CFCs)

Front 14

CFCs: human-made molecules

Back 14

~coolants for refrigeration & a/c (Freon)

~Dispersants in aerosol cans

~Styrofoam production

Front 15

Hypothesis

Back 15

~A tentative explanation for an observation.

~Are testable.

~Science proceeds acceptance or rejection.

~can never "proven correct"

Front 16

Prediction

Back 16

Generally an "if..,then..? Statement based on the hypothesis.

Front 17

How do u test Hypothesis?

Back 17

Observational & experimental studies.

Front 18

Correlation

Back 18

When 2 things occur 2gether, but 1 does not necessarily cause the other.

Front 19

Cause & Effect

Back 19

When 2 things occur 2gether, but 1 directly occurs (the effect) in response to, or as a result of, the other (the cause).

Front 20

Independent variable

Back 20

The factor being manipulated

Front 21

Dependent variable

Back 21

The response of an organism or the characteristic that is measured.

Front 22

Control variable

Back 22

All other things be held constant during the experiment.

Front 23

Test groups

Back 23

Is exposed to different levels of the independent variable.

Front 24

Control group

Back 24

~provides the standard of comparison for the test groups

~the "baseline"

Front 25

Statistics

Back 25

~determine if differences exist between test & control groups

~assign a level of certainty to our conclusions

Front 26

A probability value (or P value)

Back 26

Is used to determine significance between groups: 5% or less

Front 27

Theory

Back 27

Widely accepted explanation. Extensively & rigorously scientifically tested. (can never be "proven")

Front 28

Montreal Protocol-1987

Back 28

A plan developed to phase out CFCs

Front 29

Policies

Back 29

Translating values into action

Front 30

The precautionary principle

Back 30

Though u are not 100% sure what is causing a problem, there is a big risk to "doing nothing."

Front 31

Adaptive management

Back 31

A plan allows u to alter strategies as new info. comes in or situation changes.

Front 32

UV powerful to less

Back 32

-Gamma Rays

-X-Rays

-Ultraviolet

-Visible Light

Front 33

Atmosphere

Back 33

The layer of gases above Earth, Venus, and Mars surfaces.

Front 34

Composition of Gases

Back 34

Earth's Atmosphere contains 78% nitrogen (N2) & 21% oxygen (O2); CO2 accounts a mere 0.039%.

Front 35

____&____ interact w/each other largely thru ____, by sharing them or stealing them.

Back 35

-Atoms

-molecules

-electrons

Front 36

Photosynthesis

Back 36

Is the process by which a living organism uses sunlight to power (provide energy for) the synthesis (creation) of molecules of organic carbon (sugars, carbohydrates).