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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Index of suspicion
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is your awareness and concern for potentially serous underlying and unseen injuries.
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Traumatic injuries
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occur when the bodys tissues are exposed to energy levels beyond thier tolerance.
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3 concepts of energy
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1. potential
2. kinetic 3. work *important to remember energy cannot be created not destroyed, but can only be converted or transformed.* |
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Work energy
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is defined as force acting over a distance.
ex. force needed to bend metal multiplied by the distance over which the metal is bent. - force that bends, pulls, or compresses tissues beyond inherent limits |
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Kinetic Energy
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energy of a moving object.
reflects the relationship btw the mass of the object and the velocity at which it is traveling. ex. speed of bullet has better impact then mass of the bullet |
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high energy
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often produce such severe damage that patients require immediate transport.
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Potential energy
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is the product of mass force of gravity, and height and is mostly associated with the energy of falling objects.
ex. worker on scaffold has some potential energy bc of height if they fall then it is converted to kinetic energy and as it hits the ground now converted into work-bring body to stop causing damage to body |
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Penetrating trauma to the head, neck, chest, abdomonen.
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NOt finished
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top 5 causes of trauma death
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-motor vehicle
-falls- 15' or 3times patients height is said to be significant. -poisonings -burns - drownings |
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3 different MVA:
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1. collision of the car against another car, a tree, or some other object.
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MVA:
1. collision of the car against another car, a tree, or some other object. |
- damage to car most dramatic part, but it does not directly affect patient care, except possibly to make extrication difficult.
-significant damage to vehicle your index of suspicion should increase. -dramatic damage suggests the presence of high-energy trauma. |
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MVA:
2. the collision of the passenger against the interior of the car. |
common passenger injuires include lower extremity fractures (knees into dashboard), flail chest (rib cage into steering wheel) , and head trauma (head to windshield)
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MVA:
3. the collision of the passengers internal organs against the solid structures of the body. |
-not as obvious as external injuries, but are often the most life-threatening
-compression injuries ex. coup-contrecoup brain injury. ex. thoracic cage. heart may slam into the sternum. which may rupture the aorta and cause fatal bleeding |
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Rear-End Collisions
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also known to caause whiplash type injuries
-often when head/neck are not restrained by a headrest. -patient may sustain an acceleration-type injury to the brain (3rd collision of the brain within the skull) |
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Lateral collisions
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-commonly called T-bone colisions.
-very common cause of death -lateral chest and abdomen injuires, possible fractures to lower extremeties, pelvis, ribs. -APPROX 25% OF ALL SEVERE INJURIES TO AORTA THAT OCCUR IN MVA ARE RESULT OF LATERAL COLLISIONS |
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Rollover crashes
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-Most unpredictable types of injuiries
-the most common life-threatening even in a rollover is ejection or partial ejection of the passenger from vehicle. -may have also struck objects such as trees, gardrails. . |
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Rotaional collisions (spins)
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-strike objects such as utility poles .
-roational motion but also lateral |
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penetrating trauma
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is 2nd leading cause of trauma death in US after blunt trauma.
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low energy penetrating trauma
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may be acidental by impalement or intentially a knife, ice pick, or other weapon
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high-energy penetrating trauma
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the path of projectile (usually a bullet) may not be easy to predict.
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cavitation
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a phenomenon in which speed causes a bullet to generate pressure waves, which cause damage distant from the bullets path
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blunt or penetrating trauma to neck.
-signes & symptoms -index of suspision |
-noisy/labored breathing
- swelling of the face or neck -significant bleeding or foreign bodies in upper or lower airway, causing obstruction be alert for airway compromise |
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blunt or penetrating trauma to chest :
-signs and sympt -index of suspsision |
-chest pain
-shortness of breath -assymetrical chest wall movement -cardiac or pulmonary contusions -pneuomothorax or hemothorax -broken ribs. |
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pulmonary blast injuries
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pulmonary trauma resulting from short-range exposure to the detonation of explosive
-consisting of contusions and hemorrhages) -may complain of tightness of pain in chest, cough up blood, tachypnea, or other respiratory distress. -subcutaneous emphysema -pneumothorax pulmonary edema |
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pulmonary edema
NOT FINISHED |
-may ensure rapidly
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