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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two parts of respiratory system?
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Respiratory and Conductary Zones
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What are three layers of Trachea?
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Mucous, Submucous, Adventitia
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What are the three layers of the mucous membrane?
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The layers include the Epithelial, Propina Lamina, Muscularis Externa.
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The smaller bronchioles are 1 mm and end in what?
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terminal bronchioles
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What is at the end of the terminal bronchioles?
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The respiratory Zone
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The respirartory zone is made of what?
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The respiratory bronchioles, aveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and into individual alveoli.
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The top of the lung is called what?
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The apex
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The layer between the parietal and vicseral pluera is called?
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The pleura cavity
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Patm stands for what?
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Respiratory Pressure to atmosophere pressure of 7600 mm Hg.
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Ppul is for what?
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Intrapulmonary pressure
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Pip?
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Intrapleural Pressure -4 atm than Ppul
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What is Boyles Law?
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At a constant temperature, the pressure of gas varies inversely with its volume?
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Inspiration affects which muscles and how much volume increased?
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500 ml, diagraphm contracts and external inter coastal muscles expand.
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What happens during expiration?
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Diaphram relaxes, rib cage descends and lungs recoil, Thoraxic volume also decreases.
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What are respirartory volumes of interest?
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Tidal Volume, Inspiratory and Expiratory Reserve Volumes, and Residual Volume.
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Hypoxia
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Insufficient supply of O2 to tissue
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Anemic Hypoxia
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Inadequate hemoglobin or altered hemoglobin
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Ischemic hypoxia
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poor blood circultation to tissue
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Histoxic Anemia
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Tissue unable to take in Oxygen due to impairment of tissue
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Hypoxemic hypoxia
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circulatory and pulmonary not working together
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CO2 production
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200 ml/minute
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Carbonic anhydrase
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RBC produce for CO@ transfer in bicarbonate (70 percent)
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CO2 bound to hemoglobin
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20% and dissolved in plasma 7 yo 10 percent
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Control of Respiration takes place in the what?
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Medullary Respiratory Group
Dorsal Ventral Respiratory Group |
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Inspiration nerve is the
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Phrenic Nerve
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Experiation
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Stops phrenic nerve
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What region of brain influences and modifies Respiratory Center
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Pontine
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What three factors influence respiration?
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Central chemoreceptors in medulla
Peripheral Chemoreceptors in aortic arch and carotid arteries Sensitive to CO2 less to O2 level |
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Hemeostatic imbalances of Respiratory
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD)
Chronic Shortness of Breath and Chronic Cough |
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Dyspnea is what?
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shortness of breath
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Asthma
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Wheezing lung disease
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Tuberculosis
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mycobacterai infecting lungs and leading to death
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Henry's Law
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P/P into liquid
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Dalton's Law
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P/P concentrate
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VRG is for
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sleeping, excercise, vocal
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What happens in external respiration?
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O2 loaded and CO2 unloaded
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How do cells in epithelial walls change down respiratory channel?
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columnar, columnar, simple squamous
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Boyles Law
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Pressure and volume equal pressure and volume
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Goblet Cells produce what?
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mucous
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Serous Cells produce what?
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Lysozome
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Epethelial cells produce what?
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defensins
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How much o2 carried in hemoglobin?
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98 percent
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how much oxygen in plasma?
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2 percent
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what factors affect 02 intake
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PH, PCO2, PO2, temperatures
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Pontine signals CO2 from recepters to what?
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Ventral Respiratory Group
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