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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who simplified France's tax system and reduced government debt?
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Jean Baptiste Colbert
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French Calvinist Protestant.
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Huguenot
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He was denied his religion, so he converted to Catholicism.
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Henry of Navarre
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Gave Huguenots limited freedom of worship.
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Edict of Nantes
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Chief minister and most trusted adviser to Louis XIII.
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Cardinal Richelieu
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son of Charles V, had extreme paranoia and bankrupted Spain 4 times.
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Philip II
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ruler with unlimited power.
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absolute monarch
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receiving power from God and can't be challenged.
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divine right
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Catholics vs. Protestants.
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Thirty Years' War
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history's best example of a monarch.
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Louis XIV
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he was raised to become a king and learned the skills necessary during childhood.
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Louis XIV
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said I am the state. He was also called the Sun king.
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Louis XIV
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this place was built by Louis XIV and required nobles to visit frequently.
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Palace of Versailles
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finance minister for Louis XIV. He limited imports and increased exports, simplified the tax system, and reduced government debt.
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Jean Baptiste Colbert
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most costly war, began when Spanish king died without an heir.
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War of the Spanish Succession
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Louis XIV's grandson got the Spanish throne. France and Spain can never be ruled by the same monarch. Louis must give up most of the territory he took.
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Treaty of Utrecht
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provided vast wealth for Spain.
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American colonies
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famous Greek painter.
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El Greco
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author of Don Quixote, a book about a man who is caught between the medieval and modern worlds.
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Miguel de Cervantes
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Dutch refused to grant Philip their allegiance, so he liberated the Netherlands.
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Court of Blood
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English sailor thieves who stole from Spanish ships.
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sea dogs
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Allowed English ships to attack Spanish treasure ships coming back from the colonies.
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Queen Elizabeth I
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great fleet of 130 ships. Called invincible, or unbeatable.
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Spanish Armada
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defeated the Spanish Armada.
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English
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government agent.
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intendant
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the idea that nothing can ever be known for certain.
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skepticism
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conflict over religion, territory, and for power among European ruling families.
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Thirty Years' War
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daughter of Charles VI, heir to the Hapsburg Empire.
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Maria Theresa
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Prussia emerged as Europe's top military power after this war.
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Seven Years' War
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strict policy and violent action sealed his reputation.
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Ivan the Terrible
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conservative landowner.
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boyar
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killed his own son, next in line to be the czar.
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Ivan the Terrible
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known for his efforts to transform Russia into a modern state.
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Peter the Great
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bringing the elements of Western culture to Russia.
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westernization
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son of James I, banished Parliament.
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Charles I
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royalists vs. roundheads.
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English Civil War
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leader of the Roundheads.
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Oliver Cromwell
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time when Parliament voted to bring back the monarchy.
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Restoration
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first member of Stuart dynasty.
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James I
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placed limits on the king's power.
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Petition of Right
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session that did not disband for many years.
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long Parliament
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supporters, often wealthy nobles, who funded the king's effort.
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royalists
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supporters of Parliament, included Puritans, merchants, and some upper class.
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Roundheads
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leftover members after Cromwell's purging.
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rump Parliament
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first European monarch to be formally tried and sentenced to death by a court of law.
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Charles I
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Republicans government based on the common good of all the people.
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commonwealth
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royalist who fled to France during Cromwell's rule, wrote the Leviathan.
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Thomas Hobbes
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described humans as being naturally selfish and fearful.
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Leviathan
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transfer of power between the Catholic King and his Protestant daughter/ son-in-law.
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Glorious Revolution
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prevented taxes from being imposed without the approval of Parliament.
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English Bill of Rights
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monarchy limited by law.
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constitutional monarchy
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group of government ministers, or officials.
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cabinet
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Russian title equivalent to Roman Caesar.
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czar
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uncertainty about the succession, economic problems, and foreign invasions in Russia.
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Time of Troubles
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inspired Peter the Great to build a better navy.
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Storming of Azov
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military corpse that had political influence.
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streltsy
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considered the founder of modern Russia.
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Peter the Great
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land won from Sweden was used to build a new capitol, called ___.
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St. Petersburg
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German princess, saw herself as his true successor to Peter.
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Catherine the Great
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female form of "czar"
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czarina
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claimed he was Peter III and that he had never been murdered.
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Yemelyan Pugachev
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ended the Thirty Years' War.
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Treaty of Westphalia
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powerful Austrian family to become Monarchs.
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Hapsburg Dynasty
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signed document stating that the empire could be passed to a female heir.
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Pragmatic Sanction
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Prussia had this dynasty and the best army in Europe.
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Hohenzollern Dynasty
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Prussia's landowning nobility.
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Junkers
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they fought over Silesia, a territory in Austria in this war.
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War of the Austrian Succession
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gave Silesia to Prussia.
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Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
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ended the Thirty Years' War and introduced a new method of peace negotiation.
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Treaty of Westphalia
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