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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the basic components of protein
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amino acids
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protein that provides structure for connective tissues
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Collagen
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protein that provides structure for hair, nails, and horns
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Kerratin
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proteins that catalyze reactions in the body
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Enzymes
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proteins that allow for movement
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myosin and actin
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proteins that transport cholesterol
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lipoproteins
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protein that transports oxygen in the blood
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hemoglobin
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proteins that can act as a hormone
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insulin, oxytocin, human growth hormone
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proteins that protect the body from foreign substances
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antibodies
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foreign substances in the body
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antigens
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protein that protects the body by creating clots
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fibrinogen
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Protein that stores energy in milk
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casein
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protein that stores energy in eggs
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ovalbumin
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protein that stores Iron in the liver
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Ferratin
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proteins regulate the production of...
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DNA
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Proteins regulate the expression of these
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genes
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proteins regulate
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feedback mechanisms
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two types of proteins
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fibrous proteins and globular proteins
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comprise amino acids
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carboxylic acid (COOH) and an amine
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the number of natural amino acids
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20
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look at these to identify a type of amino acid
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R group
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affects how a protein functions
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the protein's structure
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Glycine
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nonpolar, achiral, hydrophobic
R group: H Gly |
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Alanine
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nonpolar, chiral, hydrophobic
R group: methyl (Ala) |
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phenylalanine
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nonpolar, achiral, hydrophobic
R group: CH2 bonded to benzene Phe |
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Serine
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Polar, chiral
R group: CH2OH (Ser) |
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Cystein
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Polar, chiral
R group: CH2SH (Cys) |
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Aspartic Acid
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acidic, chiral
R grouop: CH2COO- (Asp) |
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Lysine
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Basic, chiral
R group: (CH2)4(NH3) |
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Zwitterion
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molecule that has a + and - charge separated in space on the same molecule but has an overall charge of zero
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L form of amino acids
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COOH is adjacent to NH3
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when placed in an acid...
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amino acid recieves protons
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when placed in a base...
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amino acid donates protons
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isoelectric point
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pH where solution of amino acid is neutral
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makes Cystein special
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disulfide bonds (how do they affect DNA?)
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Peptide bond
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C bonded to N-H and double bonded to O
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