Chapter 21-Fundamentals Of Nursing

Front 1

APEX

Back 1

THE POINTED END OF THE HEART, APICAL PULSE IS FOUND HERE

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APNEA

Back 2

ABSENCE OF BREATHING

Front 3

ARRHYTHMIA

Back 3

IRREGULAR PULSE

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AUSCULTATION

Back 4

HEARING

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AUSCULTATORY GAP

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NO SOUND-SILENCE AS THE CUFF DEFLATES FOR 30-40mm Hg; common with hypertension

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AXILLARY

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ARMPIT

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BASAL METABOLIC RATE (BMR)

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THE RATE AT WHICH HEAT IS PRODUCED WHEN THE BODY IS AT REST
-DEPENDS ON THE PERSONS BODY SURFACE AREA

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BIOT RESPERATIONS

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SHALLOW FOR 2 OR 3 BREATHS WITH A PERIOD OF VARIABLE APNEA

Front 9

BRADYCARDIA

Back 9

A SLOW PULSE THAT IS LESS THAN 60 BEATS PER MINUTE

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BRADYPNEA

Back 10

SLOW AND SHALLOW BREATHING

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CARDIAC OUTPUT

Back 11

THE AMOUNT OF BLOOD PUMPED BY THE LEFT VENTRICLE IN 1 MINUTE
PULSE RATE X STROKE VOLUME= CARDIAC OUTPUT
AVERAGE IS=5 LITERS OF BLOOD PER MINUTE

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CHEYNE-STOKES RESPIRATIONS

Back 12

A PATTERN OF DYSPNEA FOLLOWED BY A SHORT PERIOD OF APNEA

Front 13

CHILLS

Back 13

SENSATIONS OF COLD AND SHAKING OF THE BODY

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CORE TEMPERATURE

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THE TEMPERATURE OF THE DEEP TISSUES OF THE BODY

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CRACKLES

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ABNORMAL, NONMUSICAL SOUND HEARD IN THE LUNGS DURING INSPIRATION
ALSO CALLED RALES

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CRISIS

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ABRUPT DECLINE IN FEVER

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CYANOSIS

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BLUISH DISCOLORATION

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DEFERVESCENCE

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ABATEMENT OF FEVER

Front 19

DIASTOLIC PRESSURE

Back 19

THE LOWER PRESSURE EXERTED ON THE ARTERY WHEN THE HEART IS AT REST BETWEEN CONTRACTIONS (DIASTOLE)

Front 20

DYSPNEA

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DIFFICULT AND LABORED BREATHING

Front 21

EUPNEA

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A NORMAL, RELAXED BREATHING PATTERN

Front 22

FEBRILE

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STAGE OF FEVER WHERE THE BODY TEMP RISES TO THE NEW SET POINT ESTABLISHED BY THE HYPOTHALAMUS AND REMAINS THERE UNTIL THE CAUSE OF THE FEVER RESOLVES

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FEVER

Back 23

ELEVATED TEMPERATURE

Front 24

HYPERTENSION

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PRESSURE CONSISTENTLY ELEVATED ABOVE THE NORMAL RANGE

Front 25

HYPERTHERMIA

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ABOVE-NORMAL BODY TEMPERATURE

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HYPERVENTILATION

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A PATTERN OF BREATHING IN WHICH THERE IS AN INCREASE IN THE RATE AND DEPTH OF BREATHS AND CARBON DIOXIDE IS EXPELLED, CAUSING THE BLOOD LEVEL OF CARBON DIOXIDE TO FALL

Front 27

HYPOTENSION

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LOW BLOOD PRESSURE

Front 28

HYPOTHERMIA

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BELOW NORMAL BODY TEMPERATURE

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HYPOXEMIA

Back 29

DECREASED LEVELS OF OXYGEN IN THE BLOOD

Front 30

HYPOXIA

Back 30

STATE OF INSUFFICIENT OXYGEN (CELLULAR)

Front 31

KOROTKOFF SOUNDS

Back 31

CERTAIN SOUNDS HEARD WHILE MEASURING BLOOD PRESSURE, IDENTIFIED BY A RUSSIAN SURGEON

Front 32

KUSSMAUL RESPIRATIONS

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INCREASED RATE OF BREATHING AND DEPTH WITH PANTING AND LONG, GRUNTING EXHALATIONS.

Front 33

LYSIS

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GRADUAL RETURN TO NORMAL BODY TEMP (WHEN APPLIED TO TEMPERATURE)

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METABOLISM

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CELLULAR CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN THE BODY, HEAT PRODUCTION IS THE BYPRODUCT

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ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION

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DROP IN BLOOD PRESSURE OCCURRING WITH CHANGE FROM SUPINE TO STANDING OR FROM SITTING TO STANDING

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OVERHYDRATION

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EXCESS FLUID VOLUME

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OXIMETER

Back 37

MACHINE THAT MEASURES OXYGEN IN THE BLOOD

Front 38

OXIMETRY

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MEASUREMENT OF OXYGEN

Front 39

PALPATE

Back 39

FEEL THE PULSE

Front 40

PULSE DEFICIT

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DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE APICAL AND RADIAL PULSE

RADIAL PULSE - APICAL PULSE = PULSE DEFICIT

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PULSE PRESSURE

Back 41

SYSTOLIC PRESSURE-DIASTOLIC PRESSURE=PULSE PRESSURE

Front 42

PYREXIA

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FEVER-OCCURS WHEN NORMAL MECHANISMS OF THE BODY CANNOT KEEP UP WITH THE EXCESSIVE HEAT PRODUCTION AND BODY TEMP RISES
100.2 AND ABOVE

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PYROGENS

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AGENTS THAT CAUSE FEVER

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RESPIRATION

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THE EXCHANGE OF OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE LUNGS AND TISSUES
INITIATED BY THE ACT OF BREATHING

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RHONCHI

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CONTINUOUS DRY, RATTLING SOUNDS HEARD IN THE LUNGS CAUSED BY PARTIAL OBSTRUCTION

Front 46

SHOCK

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CIRCULATORY COLLAPSE
(DECREASED BLOOD PRESSURE, INCREASE IN PULSE RATE, COLD AND CLAMMY SKIN, DIZZINESS, BLURRED VISION, APPREHENSION)

Front 47

SPHYGMOMANOMETER

Back 47

DEVICE USED TO INDIRECTLY MEASURE BLOOD PRESSURE

Front 48

STERTOR

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SNORING SOUND PRODUCED WHEN PTS ARE UNABLE TO COUGH UP SECRETIONS FROM THE TRACHEA OR BRONCHI

Front 49

STETHOSCOPE

Back 49

DEVICE THAT AUGMENTS SOUNDS FROM WITHIN THE BODY

Front 50

STRIDOR

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CROWING SOUND ON INSPIRATION CAUSED BY OBSTRUCTION OF THE UPPER AIR PASSAGES, AS OCCURS IN CROUP OR LARYNGITIS

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STROKE VOLUME

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THE VOLUME OF BLOOD PUSHED INTO THE AORTA PER HEARTBEAT

Front 52

SYSTOLIC PRESSURE

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THE MAXIMUM PRESSURE EXERTED ON THE ARTERY DURING LEFT VENTRICULAR CONTRACTION (SYSTOLE)

Front 53

TACHYCARDIA

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A PULSE GREATER THAT 100 BEATS PER MINUTE

Front 54

TACHYPNEA

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INCREASED OR RAPID BREATHING

Front 55

TYMPANIC MEMBRANE

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EARDRUM

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VITAL SIGNS

Back 56

TEMP, PULSE, RESPIRATIONS, BP, PAIN LEVEL, O2 SATURATION

Front 57

WHEEZE

Back 57

WHISTLING SOUNDS OF AIR FORCED PAST A PARTIAL OBSTRUCTION, AS FOUND IN ASTHMA AND EMPHYSEMA

Front 58

DIAPHORESIS

Back 58

EXCESSIVE SWEAT PRODUCTION, WHICH ATTEMPTS TO COOL THE BODY BY EVAPORATION

Front 59

WHEN A PERSON HAS TROUBLE BREATHING WHAT MUSCLES ARE USED?

Back 59

ACCESSORY

Front 60

THE PROCESS THAT BRINGS O2 INTO THE BODY AND REMOVES CARBON DIOXIDE WASTE?

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RESPIRATIONS

Front 61

NORMAL HEALTHY ADULT RESPIRATION RATE RANGE

Back 61

12-20

Front 62

NORMAL RANGE OF RESPIRATION FOR A CHILD (AGE 3 YR)

Back 62

20-30

Front 63

NORMAL RANGE OF RESPIRATIONS FOR AN INFANT

Back 63

30-80

Front 64

NORMAL ADULT PULSE RANGE

Back 64

60-100

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A FEVER IS CONSIDERED SIGNIFICANT (MEDICATE) WHEN IT REACHES WHAT TEMP?

Back 65

101.3 DEGREES F

Front 66

WHAT IS THE NORMAL BODY TEMP RANGE?

Back 66

97.5-99.5 DEGREES F

Front 67

LIST THE RESPIRATORY ORGANS

Back 67

NOSE, PHARYNX, LARYNX, TRACHEA, BRONCHI, AND LUNGS