Chapter 21

Front 1

Militarism

Back 1

Glorification of military strength

Front 2

Franz Ferdinand

Back 2

The heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne

Front 3

Gavrilo Princip

Back 3

Serbian nationalist. Fired two shots killing Archduke and his wife

Front 4

Allied Powers

Back 4

World War I alliance that included Britain, France, Russia, and later the US, and that fought against the Central Powers. World War II alliance between Britain, and France, and later the US and other countries, that fought against the Axis Powers

Front 5

Central Powers

Back 5

World War I alliance that included Austria-Hungary, Germany, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria

Front 6

First Battle of the Marne

Back 6

1914: World War I battle in which the Allies stopped a German advance near the Marne River

Front 7

No-man's-land

Back 7

Strip of bombed-out territory that separated the trenches of opposing armies along the Western Front during World War I

Front 8

Trench warfare

Back 8

World War I military military strategy of defending a position by fighting from the protection of deep ditches

Front 9

Battle of the Somme

Back 9

1916: World War I battle in which the British lost some 60,000 troops in a single day

Front 10

Manfred Von Richthofen

Back 10

Known as the Red Baron. Most successful German Baron

Front 11

Edward Rickenbacker

Back 11

Top American ace, 26 kills

Front 12

Sussex pledge

Back 12

1916: promise issued by German officials during World War I not to sink merchant vessels without warning or without assuring the passengers' safety

Front 13

Robert Lansing

Back 13

Bryan's successor, encouraged the trade of war materials with the Allies

Front 14

National defense act

Back 14

1916: military "preparedness" program established prior to US entry into World War I that increased the size of the National Guard and the regular US army

Front 15

Zimmerman Note

Back 15

Cable sent to Mexico by Germany's foreign secretary during World War I; proposed an alliance between the two countries

Front 16

Jeannette Rankin

Back 16

Representative of Montana was among the opposition

Front 17

Selective Service Act

Back 17

1917: law that initially required men between the ages of 21 and 30 to register for the draft

Front 18

John J. Pershing

Back 18

General of the first group of troops to reach France in late June 1917

Front 19

Convoy system

Back 19

Use of armed vesicles to escort unarmed merchant vessels transporting troops, supplies, or volunteers through the North Atlantic during World War 1

Front 20

William McAdoo

Back 20

Secretary of the treasury and Wilson's son-in-law

Front 21

Food Administration

Back 21

World War 1 agency headed by Herbert Hoover; encouraged increased agricultural production and the conservation of existing food supplies

Front 22

Herbert Hoover

Back 22

Director of Food Administration chosen by Wilson

Front 23

War Industries Board (WIB)

Back 23

Agency led by Bernard Baruch during World War 1; allocated scarce goods, established production priorities, and set prices on goods

Front 24

Bernard Baruch

Back 24

Wall Street investor that had overall responsibility for allocating scarce materials, establishing production priorities, and setting prices

Front 25

National War Labor Board (NWLB)

Back 25

Agency created during World War 1 to settle disputes between workers and employers

Front 26

Harriot Stanton Blatch

Back 26

Daughter of suffragist Elizabeth Cady Stanton, headed Food Administration Speakers' Bureau

Front 27

Juliette Gordon Low

Back 27

Active American volunteer

Front 28

Great Migration

Back 28

Mass migration of African Americans to the northern United States during and after World War 1

Front 29

Committee on Public Information (CPI)

Back 29

Agency created in 1917 to increase public support for World War 1

Front 30

Espionage Act

Back 30

(1917) federal law that outlawed acts of treason during World War 1

Front 31

Sedition Act

Back 31

(1918) federal law enacted during World War 1 that made written criticism of the government a crime

Front 32

Bolsheviks

Back 32

Group of radical Russian socialists who seized power in 1917 following the overthrow of the czar

Front 33

Battle of the Argonne Forest

Back 33

(1918) successful Allied effort to push back German troops from a rail center in Sedan, France

Front 34

Fourteen Points

Back 34

(1918) Woodrow Wilson's plan for organizing post- World War 1 Europe and for avoiding future wars

Front 35

League of Nations

Back 35

International body of nations formed in 1919 to prevent wars

Front 36

Big Four

Back 36

Collective name given to U.S. president Woodrow Wilson, British prime minister David Lloyd George, French premier Georges Clemenceau, and Italian prime minister Vittorio Orlando during the peace conference at Versailles

Front 37

David Lloyd George

Back 37

British prime minister

Front 38

Georges Clemenceau

Back 38

French premier

Front 39

Vittorio Orlando

Back 39

Italian prime minister

Front 40

Treaty of Versailles

Back 40

(1919) treaty ending World War 1 that required Germany to pay huge war reparations and established the League of Nations

Front 41

Henry Cabot Lodge

Back 41

Of Massachusetts; head of Senate Committee on Foreign Relations and Wilson's longtime enemy, led reservations