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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anatomy |
the study of the structure of an organism's parts |
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Interstitial fluid |
a solution located in the body surrounding the cells, providing them with sustenance and transporting waste. |
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capillaries |
The smallest type of blood vessel, where it is a very thin membrane and has the diameter of only one blood cell. This is where diffusion occurs |
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physiology |
The study of how the organism's parts operate |
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what defines a structure? |
natural selection |
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structure formation principle |
That anything formed has a basis for why it was formed |
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tissue |
A group of similar cells worked in unison for a common objective |
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What are the main types of tissue? |
Epithelial, nervous, connective, and muscular |
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epithelial tissue |
A tissue that covers the surface of the body and lines the organs. |
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What is the difference between epithelial and endothelial tissue? |
The epithelial cells for the skin are layered and have tight cell structure, while for the capillaries, the epithelial cells are one cell thick to promote diffusion of interstitial fluid. |
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Why is epithelial cancer a higher probability than any other cancer? |
Due to its constant contact with carcinogens |
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Cancers of the epithelial tissue are collectively known as what? |
carcinomas |
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connective tissue |
tissue consisting of cells held in an abundant extracellular matrix. Their two main purposes are to support and join other tissues |
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What are the six types of connective tissue? |
Loose connective, bone, blood, adipose, fibrous connective, and cartilage |
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Loose connective tissue |
It holds organs in place and attaches epithelial tissue to other underlying tissues. It lies within the extracellular matrix, and uses protein fibers. |
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What are fibroblasts? |
they are irregular branching cells that secrete strong fibrous proteins and proteoglycans as an extracellular matrix. The cells of this type of tissue are generally separated by quite some distance by a gelatinous substance primarily made up of collagenous and elastic fibers. |
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Fibrous connective tissue |
Has a dense matrix of collagen. It forms tendons, which connect bone and muscle, as well as ligaments, which connect bone and joints. |
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cartilage |
a type of connective tissue consisting of living cells embedded in a rubbery matrix with collagen fibers. |
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Why do injuries sustained to cartilage take longer to heal? |
Because of their few/lack of capillaries, therefore making it harder for platelets and cells to mend it. |
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Bone: Osteocytes |
A rigid connective tissue with a dense matrix of collagen fibers hardened with deposits of calcium salts. |
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osteoporosis |
A disease where the bone becomes brittle and weak |
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Adipose |
tissues that store fat in closely packed cells of a sparse matrix. It functions as an energy bank. It swells to absorb more lipids, and shrinks from the loss. |
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Blood |
It consists of cells suspended in a liquid matrix called plasma. |
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What is the main function of blood? |
The main function of of blood is transporting substances in the plasma from one part of the body to another. |
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What is the difference between interstitial fluid and the blood plasma? |
Interstitial fluid is located around body cells and has a lower concentration of glucose, while blood plasma is found within the circulatory system. |
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What else does blood play a major role in? |
The immune system and clotting |
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extracellular matrix |
The meshwork that surrounds animal cells, consisting of a web of protein and polysaccharide fibers imbedded in a liquid, jelly, or solid. |
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Collagen fibers |
The main structural protein in the extracellular space in the various connective tissues in animal bodies. As the main component of connective tissue, it is the most abundant protein in mammals, making up from 25% to 35% of the whole-body protein content. Depending upon the degree of mineralization, collagen tissues may be rigid (bone), compliant (tendon), or have a gradient from rigid to compliant (cartilage) |
