Chapter 20 Soft-Tissue Trauma Essentials Of Paramedic Care

Front 1

integumentary system

Back 1

skin, consisting of the epidermis, dermis, and the subcutaneous layers.

Front 2

contusion

Back 2

, closed wound in which the skin is unbroken, although damage has occurred to the tissue immediately beneath.

Front 3

erythema

Back 3

general reddening of the skin due to dilation of the superficial capillaries.

Front 4

ecchymosis

Back 4

blue-black discoloration of the skin due to leakage of blood into the tissues.

Front 5

types of closed wounds

Back 5

contusions, hematomas, crushed injuries

Front 6

hematoma

Back 6

collection of blood beneath the skin or trapped within a body compartment.

Front 7

crush injury

Back 7

mechanism of injury in which tissue is locally compressed by high pressure forces.

Front 8

crush syndrome

Back 8

systemic disorder of severe metabolic disturbances resulting from the crush of a limb or other body part.

Front 9

abrasion

Back 9

scraping or abrading away of the superficial layers of the skin; an open soft-tissue injury.

Front 10

types of open wounds

Back 10

abrasions, lacerations, incisions, punctures, impaled objects, avulsions, amputations

Front 11

laceration

Back 11

an open wound, normally a tear with jagged borders.

Front 12

tension lines

Back 12

natural patterns in the surface of the skin revealing tensions within

Front 13

incision

Back 13

very smooth or surgical laceration, frequently caused by a knife, scalpel, razor blade, or piece of glass.

Front 14

puncture

Back 14

specific soft-tissue injury involving a deep, narrow wound to the skin and underlying organs that carries an increased danger of infection

Front 15

impaled object

Back 15

foreign body embedded in a wound.

Front 16

avulsion

Back 16

forceful tearing away or separation of body tissue, an avulsion may be partial or complete

Front 17

degloving injury

Back 17

avulsion in which the mechanism of injury tears the skin off the underlying muscle, tissue, blood vessels, and bone.

Front 18

amputation

Back 18

severance, removal, or detachment, either partial or complete, of a body part.

Front 19

stages of wound healing

Back 19

hemostasis, inflammation, epithelialization, neovascularization, collagen synthesis.

Front 20

homeostasis

Back 20

the body's natural ability to stop bleeding; the ability to clot blood.

Front 21

inflammation

Back 21

complex process of local cellular and biochemical changes as a consequence of injury or infection; an early stage of healing.

Front 22

chemotactic factors

Back 22

chemicals released by white blood cells that attract more white blood cells to an area of inflammation.

Front 23

granulocytes

Back 23

white blood cells charged with the primary purpose of neutralizing foreign bacteria.

Front 24

macophage

Back 24

immune system cell that has the ability to recognize and ingest foreign pathogens.

Front 25

phagocytosis

Back 25

process in which a cell surrounds and absorbs a bacterium or other particle.

Front 26

epithelialization

Back 26

early stage of wound healing in which epithelial cells migrate over the surface of the wound.

Front 27

neovascularization

Back 27

new growth of capillaries in response to healing.

Front 28

collagen

Back 28

tough, strong, protein that comprises most of the body's connective tissue.

Front 29

fibroblasts

Back 29

specialized cells that form collagen.

Front 30

remolding

Back 30

stage in the wound healing process in which collagen is broken down and relaid in an orderly fashion.

Front 31

lymphangitis

Back 31

inflammation of the lymph channels, usually as a result of a distal infection.

Front 32

gangrene

Back 32

deep space infection usually caused by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium perfringens.

Front 33

serous fluid

Back 33

a cellular component of blood, similar to plasma.

Front 34

compartment syndrome

Back 34

muscle ischemia that is caused by rising pressures within an anatomical fascial space.

Front 35

keloid

Back 35

a formation resulting from overproduction of a scar tissue.

Front 36

necrosis

Back 36

tissue death, usually from ischemia.

Front 37

rhabdomyolysis

Back 37

acute pathologic process that involves the destruction of skeletal muscle.

Front 38

types of bandaging and dressing materials

Back 38

dressings:sterile/nonsterile, occlusive/nonocclusive, adherent/nonadherent, absorbent/nonabsorbent, wet/dry
Bandages: self-adherent roller, gauze, adhesive, elastic, triangular.