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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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North and South, Slave and Free |
Biggest difference between slaves and free blacks was their legal status. |
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Slaves ' legal status |
Douglas reminded his listeners that the law defined slaves as property, not human beings. Legally slave owners could do almost anything with their human property.They could buy and sell slaves.They could leave slaves to their children or heirs |
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Rural and Urban slaves |
Most slaves worked on farms and plantations across the south. By 1860, there were also about 70,000 urban slaves living in towns and cities. Most were "hired out" or sent to work in factories, mills, or workshops. The wages they earned belonged to their owners. |
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Free blacks in the south |
About half of all free African Americans lived in the south. Most worked as laborers, crafst people, or house hold. |
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Free blacks in the North |
African Americans in the North lived freer lives. But black experienced discrimination, or equal treatment, everywhere they turned. In many states, African American were denied the right to vote. |
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The economics of slavery |
Only wealthier planters could afford to buy slaves. The great majority of white southerners did not own slaves. Why, then, did the south remain so loyal to slavery? Part of the answer lies in the growth of the southern economy after the invention of the cotton gin in 1793. |
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Working conditions of slaves |
Slaves worked on farms of various sizes. On small farms, owners and slaves worked side by side in the fields. On large plantations,planters hired overseers to surprise their slaves. Overseers were paid to "care for nothing but to make a large crop." To do this, they tried to get the most work possible out of slaves' tired bodies. |
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Living conditions of slaves |
Most masters viewed their slaves as they did their land-things to be "worn out, not improved" They provided only what was needed to keep their slaves healthy enough to work. Slaves lived crowded together together in rough cabins. |
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Controlling slaves |
Slavery was a system of forced labor. To make this system work, slave holders had to keep their slaves firmly under control. Some slave holders used harsh punishments-beating, whipping, branding and other forms of torture- to maintain that control. But punishments often backfired on slave holders |
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Resistance to slavery |
Despite the efforts to slave holders to crush their spirits, slaves found countless ways to resist slavery |
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Day-to-day resistance |
For most slaves, resistance took the form of quiet acts of rebellion. Field hands pulled down fences, broke tools, and worked so sloppily that they damaged crops. |
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Open defiance |
Quiet resistance sometimes flared into open defiance. When pushed too hard, slaves refused to work, rejected orders, or struck back violently. |
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running away |
some slaves tried to escape by running away to freedom in the north. The risks were enormous. slave owners hired professional slave catchers and their packs of howling bloodhounds to hunt down runaway slaves. |
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rebellion |
at times resistance erupted into violent rebellion. slave revolts occurred in cities,on plantations and even ships at sea. |
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