Chapter 20 History Definiton

Front 1

Minor v Happerset

Back 1

1875, Supreme Court holds up decision that states had rights to deny women suffrage

Front 2

Poll Tax

Back 2

voters pay annual tax for the right to vote

Front 3

Williams v Mississippi

Back 3

1898, upheld literacy tests

Front 4

Literacy Test

Back 4

voters must prove themselves literate to vote, ex: interpreting Constitution to while, male registration officials

Front 5

Grandfather Clause

Back 5

men who failed literacy tests vote if father or grandfather voted before 1867

Front 6

Homestead Act

Back 6

1862, subsidies to transcontinental railroads and other measures for economic growth

Front 7

Munn v Illinois

Back 7

1877, upheld Illinois legislation that if private property was affected by public interest, it must be controlled by the public, state investigations

Front 8

Wabash Decision

Back 8

1886, states could not regulate commerce extending beyond their borders, only Congress

Front 9

ICC

Back 9

Interstate Commerce Commission, investigated and oversaw railroad activities

Front 10

Interstate Commerce Act

Back 10

1887, created ICC, outlawed rebates and pooling agreements

Front 11

Bland-Allison Silver Purchase Act

Back 11

called for partial coinage of silver, vetoed by Hayes, overridden by Congress

Front 12

James G Blaine

Back 12

Republican nominee in 1884, narrowly defeated by Democrat Grover Cleveland

Front 13

Pendleton Act

Back 13

1883, created Civil Service Commission

Front 14

McKinley Tariff Act

Back 14

raised tariff duties 4%, allowed president to lower tariffs if other countries did

Front 15

Sherman Antitrust Act

Back 15

outlawed all forms of trust and combinations, very vague

Front 16

US vs EC Knight

Back 16

first judicial interpretation of Sherman Antitrust Act, crippled it, law did not apply to manufacturers

Front 17

Sherman Silver Purchase Act

Back 17

attempt to end problems caused by silver, treasury purchased 4.5 million ounces of silver a month, created bi-metallic monetary system

Front 18

Silverites

Back 18

supporters of silver for currency

Front 19

Billion Dollar Congress

Back 19

label given by Democrats to 1890 Congress for spending on appropriations and grants

Front 20

Farmers Alliance and Industrial Union

Back 20

promised unified action to solve agricultural problem. Southern, aka Southern Alliance

Front 21

National Farmers Alliance

Back 21

similar to Farmers Alliance and Industrial Union, but in the North. AKA Northern Alliance

Front 22

Colored Farmer's National Alliance and Cooperative Union

Back 22

loosely affiliated with Southern Alliance, ended with strike in Memphis, TN by Ben Patterson and others being lynched

Front 23

Northwestern Alliance

Back 23

Great plains, disagreed with Southern Alliance's secrecy, centralization, and segregation

Front 24

Kansas Alliance

Back 24

formed first major People's party in June 1890

Front 25

Ocala Demands

Back 25

adopted by Alliance in 1890, sub-treasury system, free coinage of silver, end protective tariffs and national banks, federal income tax, direct elections of senators, tighter railroad regulations

Front 26

Populist Party

Back 26

formed July 1892, Omaha, Nebraska by farmers alliances

Front 27

Greenback-Labor Party

Back 27

former third party, nominated James B Weaver for president in 1880

Front 28

Industrial Black Friday

Back 28

May 5, 1893, leading stocks in market plunged, part of Panic of 1893

Front 29

Panic of 1893

Back 29

stock market crashed, major railroads went bankrupt, US gold reserve dropped below $100,000,000

Front 30

Coxey's Army

Back 30

led by Jacob S. Coxey to demand government employment, arrested for trespassing on government property

Front 31

Pullman Strike

Back 31

strike by workers in company town over cut wages, ended with military action and arrest of Debs

Front 32

In Re Debs

Back 32

1895, Supreme Court endorsed use of injunction in labor disputes

Front 33

Wilson-Gorman Tariff Act

Back 33

August 1894, reduced tariffs on coal, iron ore, wool, and sugar

Front 34

Romanticism vs Realism

Back 34

economic depression led to a shift from romanticism and escapism to realism that depicted life as it was

Front 35

Coin's Financial School

Back 35

William H. Harvey 1894, pamphlet that was pro-silver

Front 36

William Jennings Brian

Back 36

man of religion, Democratic party nominee for president in 1896

Front 37

Cross of Gold Speech

Back 37

speech by Bryan, supported bimetallic money system, won him the nomination for the Democratic party

Front 38

Gold Standard Act

Back 38

declared gold standard of currency, March 1900