Chapter 20, America Looks Overseas

Front 1

Alaska

Back 1

Largest new territory acquired by the United States after Civil War. Purchased Alaska from Russia in 1867, so we could fish in Alaskan waters. Alaska did not become a state until 1959.

Front 2

Philippines

Back 2

The Spanish-American War; Signed a peace treaty with Spain, they turned over the Philippines.

Front 3

Guam

Back 3

Spanish-American War; Peace treaty with Spain, turned over Guam.

Front 4

Puerto Rico

Back 4

Spanish-American War; Peace treaty signed with Spain, turned over Puerto Rico.

Front 5

Cuba

Back 5

Granted independence from Spain, remained uner American controle from 1898 to 1902.

Front 6

Hawaii

Back 6

In 1893 an American-backed revolution overthrew the government of Queen Liluokalani. United States annexed Hawaii in 1898.

Front 7

Panama Canal Zone

Back 7

The United States leased the Panama Canal Zone from the government of Panama.

Front 8

Panama Canal

Back 8

Panama Canal was completed in 1914. It was very important to American shipping (it subtracted 7800 miles from the previous distance).

Front 9

Commodore Matthew Perry

Back 9

American sea captain; sent by Pres. M. Fillmore to Japan (1853) to open trade and end their isolation. Signed Treaty of Kanagawa

Front 10

President Millard Fillmore

Back 10

President, sent Matthew Perry to Japan to open up trade.

Front 11

Secretary of State William Seward

Back 11

Alaska's Secretary of State, bought Alaska from Russia for 7.2 million dollars in 1867.

Front 12

Frederick Jackson Turner

Back 12

In 1893, put forth the idea, hat western frontier had defined American History.

Front 13

Captain Alfred T. Mahan

Back 13

American Sea Captain. Argued U.S. must increase foreign trade. Thus needs overseas ports to protect merchant ships. Therfore U.S. must expand, take over foreign territory to acquire ports.

Front 14

Queen Liliuokalani Hawaii

Back 14

Became Queen of Hawaii after her brother, refused to recognize the constitution.

Front 15

William Randolph Hearst

Back 15

Yellow Journalist who ran the New York Journal. He is notorious for the quote, "You furnish the pictures, I'll furnish the war."

Front 16

Commodore George Dewey

Back 16

American commander of Pacific Fleet. When war breaks out with Spain (1898) secretly sails ships to Philippines (a Spanish colony) and destroys Spanish fleet at Manila Harbor.

Front 17

Emilio Aguinaldo

Back 17

Filipino nationalist who led forces against the U.S. until 1901 when they realized that the U.S. would not grant the Philippines their independence.

Front 18

Theodore "Teddy" Roosevellt

Back 18

Hero of Spanish American War (lead the Rough Riders), Became President 1901-1908, Encouraged American Imperialism and the expansion of American power abroad.

Front 19

William Gorgas

Back 19

William C.Gorgas, an American expert on tropical diseses, took up the problem.

Front 20

Arrival of Perry in Japan

Back 20

Sailed warships into Tokyo Bay to trade with Japan. Signed a treaty with them opening trade.

Front 21

American Purchase of Alaska

Back 21

William Seward bought Alaska from Russia for 7.2 million dollars in 1867.

Front 22

Overthrow of Queen of Hawaii

Back 22

The planters wanted to be apart of the United States and got rid of the Queen.

Front 23

Annexation of Hawaii

Back 23

Hawaii didn't have a queen/leader so the United States got Hawaii.

Front 24

Boxer Rebellion

Back 24

A rebellion by the people of China to end foreign domination.

Front 25

Sinking of USS Maine.

Back 25

U.S. Battleship that exploded in Havana Harbor, Cuba on February 15, 1898. This event directly led to U.S. involvement in the Spanish-American War.

Front 26

Spanish American War

Back 26

War fought in 1898 to help Cuba gain its independence from Spain.

Front 27

Treaty of Paris

Back 27

Spain accepted Cuban independence, granted Puerto Rico, the Phillippines, and the Pacific islands of Guam and Wake to the U.S. Gave Spain $20 million.

Front 28

Revolt in Panama

Back 28

Roosevelt encourages Panamonias to revolt for their independence. Columbia tried to put down the revolt, U.S. gunboats stopped them, U.S. signed deal with Columbia giving Panama their indepence and $10million with $250,000 in rent.

Front 29

Japan

Back 29

Could not trade with Japan intill Commodore Perry sailed warships into Tokyo Bay; ended up getting a treaty signed to open up trade with them.

Front 30

Russia

Back 30

William Seward bought Alaska from Russia in 1867 for 7.2 million dollars.

Front 31

Samoa

Back 31

The United States, Britain, and Germany wanted possession of Samoa. Germony and United States divided Samoa.

Front 32

China

Back 32

Was divied into spheres pf imfluence. Created the open door policy, all nations could trade with China.

Front 33

Spain

Back 33

Spanish American War, signed Treaty of Paris. Gave America the Philippines, Pacific islands of Guam and Wake. Accepted Cuban independence, U.S. paid them $20million.

Front 34

Wake Island

Back 34

Spain gave United States Wak island in Treaty of Paris after Spanish American War.

Front 35

Colombia

Back 35

Roosevelt wanted to build a canal, Columbia said no. France also wanted to build a canal, they offered more money. Roosevelt then encouraged Panamonias to revolt. Columbia tried to put down revolt, U.S. gunboats stop them. U.S. signs deal with Columbia, giving Panama their independence for $10 million, and $250,000 in rent.

Front 36

Isolation (ism)

Back 36

Foreign policy of having little or nothing to do with other nations.

Front 37

Imperialism

Back 37

policy of when a powerful, stronger nation seeks to take control of the economic and political affairs of weaker nations or a region. Often leads to colonies. Examples- Europe in Africa; U.S. and Philippines.

Front 38

"Sweard Folly"

Back 38

Critical name given to Secretary of State, William Seward's 1867 purchase of Alaska for $7.2 million from Russia. People believed it to be a worthless "icebox" until gold was discovered in 1897, later oil in 1968.

Front 39

"Manifest Destiny"

Back 39

A belief held in the first half of the nineteenth century that the United States had a mission to expand its borders to incorporate all the land between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

Front 40

Sphere of Influence

Back 40

an area, usually around a seaport, where a nation had special trading privileges and laws to protect their citizens. See China.

Front 41

Open Door Policy

Back 41

1899- Policy proposed by U.S. to allow any nation (Europe, Japan, U.S.) to be allowed to trade in any other nation's sphere of influence in China.

Front 42

Boxers

Back 42

The Righteous Order of Harmonious Fists"--led a failed Chinese rebellion against foreign domination in 1900.

Front 43

Social Darwinism

Back 43

19th century philosophy founded by Herbert Spencer; applied the laws of natural selection to explain the differences in human social classes; Survival of the Fittest.

Front 44

"White Mans Burden"

Back 44

The "White Man's Burden" is a poem by the English poet Rudyard Kipling. It was originally published in the popular magazine McClure's in 1899, with the subtitle The United States and the Philippine Islands.

Front 45

Markets

Back 45

places where goods are sold.

Front 46

Raw Materials

Back 46

Various materials found in nature used in manufacturing such as wood, coal, and oil; Natural Substances.

Front 47

Reconcentration

Back 47

Forced movement of large numbers of people into detention camps of military or political reason.

Front 48

Yellow Journalism

Back 48

sensational style of newspaper reporting which played on peoples emotions and helped influence events. Major cause of Spanish American War.

Front 49

Empire

Back 49

many people and territories controlled by one government.

Front 50

Protectorate

Back 50

a country or region that is controlled by a more powerful country.

Front 51

Annex

Back 51

To incorporate (territory) into an existing political unit such as a country, state, county, or city; add on.

Front 52

Isthmus

Back 52

A narrow strip of land that connects two larger areas of land.

Front 53

Monroe Doctrine

Back 53

In 1823 President Monroe issued a statement that all European powers cannot recolonize any American lands. The United States was militarily supported by Great Britain in this statement to the international community.

Front 54

Roosevelt Corollary

Back 54

Extension of the Monroe Doctrine (1823), reserved the right of the U.S. to intervene in Latin American affairs through military force. Ex. collect debts, protect American property, suppress Civil War.

Front 55

Dollar Diplomacy

Back 55

Pres. W.H. Taft's plan to "substitute dollars for bullets" in Latin America. Urges American businesses to invest there to increase U.S. influence in the region.