Chapter 20

Front 1

Commodore Matthew Perry

Back 1

American sea captain; sent by Pres. M. Fillmore to Japan (1853) to open trade and end their isolation. Signed Treaty of Kanagawa.

Front 2

William Seward

Back 2

SEC OF STATE- BUYS ALASKA FOR 2 CENTS AN ACRE

Front 3

Isolation

Back 3

Foreign policy of having little or nothing to do with other nations.

Front 4

"Sewards Folly"

Back 4

Critical name given to Secretary of State, William Seward's 1867 purchase of Alaska for $7.2 million from Russia. People believed it to be a worthless "icebox" until gold was discovered in 1897, later oil in 1968.

Front 5

William Randolph Hearst

Back 5

Yellow Journalist who ran the New York Journal. He is notorious for the quote, "You furnish the pictures, I'll furnish the war."

Front 6

Pres. William Mckinley

Back 6

President 1897-1901. In office during Spanish American War. Assassinated in Buffalo 1901.

Front 7

Queen Liliuokalani

Back 7

A strong advocate of Hawaiian independence. She refused to reconize the 1887 constitution. She wanted to restore the power of the monarchy and reduce foreign influence in Hawaii.

Front 8

Pres. Millard Fillmore

Back 8

1850-1853, Whig, issue = slavery

Front 9

Pres. Theodore Roosevelt

Back 9

HERO OF THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR (LEADS THE ROGH RIDERS) Becomes Pres. 1901-1908. Inaugurated in Buffalo. Encouraged American Imperialism and the expansion of American power abroad.

Front 10

Commodore Dewey

Back 10

American commander of Pacific Fleet. When war breaks out with Spain (1898) secretly sails ships to Philippines (a Spanish colony) and destroys Spanish fleet at Manila Harbor.

Front 11

Emilio Aguinaldo

Back 11

Filipino nationalist who led forces against the U.S. until 1901 when they realized that the U.S. would not grant the Philippines their independence.

Front 12

Japan

Back 12

Features: Archipelago, mountains, earthquakes, volcanoes, tidal waves, lack of fertile land and natural resources - Effects of Terrain: Need land and resources, difficult farming, use of terrace farming, use of the sea - Isolationism, Imperialism, Expansion

Front 13

Alaska

Back 13

In December, 1866, the U.S. offered to take Alaska from Russia. Russia was eager to give it up, as the fur resources had been exhausted, and, expecting friction with Great Britain, they preferred to see defenseless Alaska in U.S. hands. Called "Seward's Folly" and "Seward's Icebox", the purchase was made in 1867 for $7,200,000 and gave the U.S. Alaska's resources of fish, timber, oil and gold.

Front 14

Hawaii

Back 14

Wealthy American Plantation owners overthrow the Queen in 1893 with the help of U.S. marines. U.S. annexed Hawaii in 1898.

Front 15

China

Back 15

Huang He River, Yangzi River, Gobi Desert ,Himalaya Mountains isolate China from the West, Pacific Ocean - Effects of this Terrain: Great Wall of China contributes to isolation until the Silk Roads increase trade - Explorations of Zheng He

Front 16

Russia

Back 16

Irregular Coastlines, lack of political boundaries, harsh winters - Effects of this Terrain: difficult to unify, isolated because of the Mongol occupation, Peter the Great attempts to "Westernize," access to the Black Sea - defeat / repel Napoleon, defeat / repel Nazi's - WWII

Front 17

Imperialism

Back 17

Policy of when a powerful, stronger nation seeks to take control of the economic and political affairs of weaker nations or a region. Often leads to colonies. Examples- Europe in Africa; U.S. and Philippines

Front 18

Sphere of Influence

Back 18

An area, usually around a seaport, where a nation had special trading privileges and laws to protect their citizens. See China.

Front 19

Treaty of Kanagawa

Back 19

American sea captain; sent by Pres. M. Fillmore to Japan (1853) to open trade and end their isolation. Signed Treaty of Kanagawa.

Front 20

"Boxers"

Back 20

"The Righteous Order of Harmonious Fists"--led a failed Chinese rebellion against foreign domination in 1900

Front 21

Open Door Policy

Back 21

1899- Policy proposed by U.S. to allow any nation (Europe, Japan, U.S.) to be allowed to trade in any other nation's sphere of influence in China

Front 22

"White Man's Burden"

Back 22

British writer and poet. His poem The White Man's Burden became a popular justification for European imperialism.

Front 23

Boxer Rebellion

Back 23

A rebellion by the people of China to end foreign domination
anti foreign rebellion in China; attempt by Chinese natives to push out foreign influence

Front 24

Yellow Journalism

Back 24

Sensational style of newspaper reporting which played on peoples emotions and helped influence events. Major cause of Spanish American War.

Front 25

Spain

Back 25

PHILIPINO NATIONALIST WHO HELPS THE US TO OVERTHROW SPAIN HOPING THIS WILL GET THE PHILIPPINES THEIR INDEPENDENCE.

Front 26

Guam

Back 26

US gained control over Cuba,Puerto Rico and Guam, paid $20M for Phillipines.

Front 27

Phillipines

Back 27

The U.S. bought the Phillipines in the Spanish-American War.

Front 28

Cuba

Back 28

Was controled by Spain. the U.S. gave them their freedom/independence.

Front 29

Puerto Rico

Back 29

Bought during the Spanish-American War.

Front 30

Colombia

Back 30

Colombia tries to put down revolt, U.S. gunboats stop them. U.S. then signs a deal with newly independent Panama:$10 million, $250,000/yr. in rent.

Front 31

Panama Canal

Back 31

Panama was owned by












Panama was owned by Colmbia. The U.S. tries to cut deal with Colombia. They refuse and the U.S. encourages Panamanians to revolt against Colombia.

Front 32

Yellow Journalism

Back 32

Sensational style of newspaper reporting which played on peoples emotions and helped influence events. Major cause of Spanish American War.

Front 33

Social Darwinism

Back 33

19th century philosophy founded by Herbert Spencer; applied the laws of natural selection to explain the differences in human social classes.

Front 34

Markets

Back 34

1. NEW MARKETS TO SELL PRODUCTS 2. ACCESS TO OTHER NATIONS NATURAL RESOURCES 3. SPREADING CHRISTIANITY AND AMERICAN CULTURE 4. COMPETITION W/ EUROPEAN NATIONS FOR COLONIES.

Front 35

Trade

Back 35

The business of buying and selling or exchanging items.

Front 36

Raw Materials

Back 36

Natural substances before processing that will in some way increase their value or usefulness.

Front 37

Annex

Back 37

To incorporate (territory) into an existing political unit such as a country, state, county, or city.

Front 38

Open Door Policy

Back 38

1899- Policy proposed by U.S. to allow any nation (Europe, Japan, U.S.) to be allowed to trade in any other nation's sphere of influence in China.

Front 39

USS Maine

Back 39

U.S. Battleship that exploded in Havana Harbor, Cuba on February 15, 1898. This event directly led to U.S. involvement in the Spanish-American War.