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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Conjecture
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An educated guess based on known information
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Inductive Reasoning
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Reasoning that uses a number of specific examples and patterns to arrive at a conclusion
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Statement
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A sentence that is either true or false
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Conjunction
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A compound statement that uses “and”
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Disjunction
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A compound statement that uses “or”
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Counterexample
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An example that shows the falsity of something
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Truth Value
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The truth or falsity of a statement
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Negation
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A statement that has the opposite truth value of an original statement
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Conditional
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A statement that can be written in if–then form
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Hypothesis
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The portion of an if-then statement immediately following “if”
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Conclusion
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The portion of an if-then statement immediately following “then”
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Converse
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A statement formed by interchanging the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional
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Inverse
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A statement formed by negating the hypothesis and conclusion of a conditional
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Contrapositive
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A statement formed by negating the converse statement
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Deductive Reasoning
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Reasoning that uses the facts, rules, definitions, and properties to arrive at a logical conclusion
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Law of Detachment
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Law of Syllogism
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Proof
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A logical argument where each factual and relevant statement made is supported by a reason that is accepted to be true
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Two-column proof
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A style of proof where the statements and reasons are organized in two columns
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Reasons in proof
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Definitions, properties, postulates, theorems, and corollaries
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Addition Property
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If a = b, then a + c = b + c
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Subtraction Property
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If a = b, then a – c = b – c.
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Multiplication Property
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If a = b, then ac = bc
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Division Property
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Distributive Property
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a(b + c) = ab + ac
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Reflexive Property
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a = a
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Symmetric Property
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If a = b, then b = a
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Transitive Property
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If a = b and b = c, then a = c
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Substitution
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If a = b, then b may replace a (includes simplifying an expression, collecting like terms, can almost look like transitive)
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